Real Time Simulation of Medical Ultrasound from CT Images英文文献.pdfVIP

Real-Time Simulation of Medical Ultrasound from CT Images Ramtin Shams1, Richard Hartley1,2 , and Nassir Navab3 1 RSISE, The Australian National University, Canberra 2 NICTA, Canberra, Australia 3 Computer Aided Medical Procedures (CAMP), TU M¨unchen, Germany Abstract. Medical ultrasound interpretation requires a great deal of experience. Real-time simulation of medical ultrasound provides a cost- effective tool for training and easy access to a variety of cases and ex- ercises. However, fully synthetic and realistic simulation of ultrasound is complex and extremely time-consuming. In this paper, we present a novel method for simulation of ultrasound images from 3D CT scans by breaking down the computations into a preprocessing and a run-time phase. The preprocessing phase produces detailed fixed-view 3D scatter- ing images and the run-time phase generates view-dependent ultrasonic artifacts for a given aperture geometry and position within a volume of interest. We develop a simple acoustic model of the ultrasound for the run-time phase, which produces realistic ultrasound images in real-time when combined with the previously computed scattering image. 1 Introduction Ultrasound is a challenging imaging modality to master due to a multitude of pa- rameters involved in acquisition and interpretation of resulting images. Real-time simulation of ultrasound can be used for training to complement a theoretical study program. A recent study in [1] reports a significant improvement in skills of subjects who received additional simulator-based training. The main advantage is easy access to a wealth of standard and rare cases collected over time. Existing meth