Controlled Multistep Purification of Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes英文文献.pdfVIP

NANO LETTERS Controlled Multistep Purification of 2005 Vol. 5, No. 1 Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes 163168 Ya-Qiong Xu,†,§ Haiqing Peng,‡,§ Robert H. Hauge,‡,§ and Richard E. Smalley*,‡,§ Department of Electrical Computer Engineering, Department of Chemistry, and Carbon Nanotechnology Laboratory, Rice Uniersity, MS-100, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005 Received October 15, 2004; Revised Manuscript Received December 1, 2004 ABSTRACT A controlled and scalable multistep purification method has been developed to remove iron impurity and nonnanotube carbon materials from raw single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) produced in the HiPco (high-pressure CO) process. In this study, iron nanoparticles, coated by carbon, are exposed and oxidized by multiple step oxidation at increasing temperatures. To avoid catalytic oxidation by iron oxide of carbon nanotubes, the exposed and oxidized iron oxide is deactivated by reaction with C H F or SF . The iron fluorides are removed by a Soxhlet 2 2 4 6 extraction with a 6 M HCl solution. The purity and quality of each sample were determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Raman spectrometry, ultraviolet−visible-near-IR (UV−vis−near-IR) sp