英美文学选读考前冲刺.docVIP

英 国 文 学 部 分Ⅰ、古代文学：主要代表作品：《贝尔武夫》A.性质：Beowulf, is regarded today as the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons.B.主题：The poem presents a vivid picture of how the primitive people wage under a wise heroic struggles against the hostile forces of the natural world under a wise and mighty leader.Ⅱ、中世纪文学：1、 时间界定：From 1066 up to the mid-14th century.2、 文学分类：民间通俗文学 骑士浪漫诗A. Popular folk literature also occupies an important place in this period.B. Romance which uses narrative verse or prose to sing knightly adventures or other heroic deeds is a popular literary form in the medieval period.3、 代表作家与作品：Chaucer and the Canterbury talesA．The father of English poetry.（Chaucer）B．The English Homer. （Chaucer）C．In Canterbury tales, Chaucer presented to us a comprehensive realistic picture of the English society of his time and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life .D．In Troilus and Criseyde, he gave the world what is virtually the first modern novel. Ⅲ、 文艺复兴时期：1． 时间界定：It refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries.2． 文艺复兴的理论基础：人文主义兴起。A． 核心：Humanism is the essence of the Renaissance. It sprang from the endeavor to restore a medieval reverence for the antique authors.B． 基础：It was based on such a conception that man is the measure of all things.3． 文艺复兴的文化背景：A． 场所：English schools and universities were established in place of the old monasteries.B． 印刷术的引进：William Caxton introduced printing into England .C． 翻译的时代的出现。With the introduction of printing, an age of translation came into being.4． 文学形式：A.诗歌：A). 早期特点：The first period of the English Renaissance was one of imitation and assimilation.B). 代表作家及作品:a. Spenser’s The Shepheardes Calender showed the pastoral conventionb. In “The Passionate Shepherd to His Love,” Marlowe spoke that it would be very difficult for us to connect it with the voice in his tragedies.c. Poetry and poetic drama were the most outstanding literary forms and carried on by Shakespeare and Ben Johns