胡壮麟语言学第十二章.doc

Chapter 12 Theories and Schools of Modern Linguistics [注：第九、十、十一章无测试题] I.? ???Choose the best answer. (20%)1.? ? The person who is often described as “father of modern linguistics” is __________..? ?? ? A. Firth? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?B. Saussure? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?C. Halliday? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ???D. Chomsky2.? ? The most important contribution of the Prague School to linguistics is that it sees language in terms of __________.? ?? ? A. function? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? B. meaning? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? C. signs? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?D. system3.? ? The principal representative of American descriptive linguistics is __________.? ?? ? A. Boas? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?B. Sapir? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?C. Bloomfield? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? D. Harris4.? ? Generally speaking, the __________ specifies whether a certain tagmeme is in the position of the Nucleus or of the Margin in the structure.? ?? ? A. Slot? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? B. Class? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?C. Role? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? D. Cohesion5.? ? __________ Grammar is the most widespread and the best understood method of discussing Indo-European languages.? ?? ? A. Traditional? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? B. Structural? ?? ?? ?? ?? ???C. Functional? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? D. Generative6.? ? __________ Grammar started from the American linguist Sydney M. Lamb in the late 1950s and the early 1960s.? ?? ? A. Stratificational? ?? ?? ???B. Case? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?C. Relational? ?? ?? ?? ?? ???D. Montague7.? ? In Halliday’s view, the __________ function is the function that the child uses to know about his surroundings.? ?? ? A. personal? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? B. heuristic? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? C. imaginative? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?D. informative8.? ? The rheme in the sentence “On it stood Jane” is __________.? ?? ? A. On it? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?B. stood? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ???C. On it stood? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?D. Jane9.? ? Chomsky follows __________ in philosophy and mentalism in psychology.? ?? ? A. empiricism? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?B. behaviorism? ?? ?? ?? ???C. rel