第六章 六足总纲的系统发育和新分类系统教学教材.pptVIP

7. 蜻蜓目Odonata Head mobile with large eyes; Antennae short，bristle-like； Mouthparts mandibulate ； 翅痣pterostigma； Males possess secondary genitalia on abdominal segments 2-3. Cerci as clasping organs 差翅亚目Anisoptera: 蜻蜓dragonflies 束翅亚目Zygoptera： 豆娘damselflies 半变态Hemimetabolous； 稚虫水生Naid aquatic, ambush or stalk prey. Naid of damselfly Naid of dragonfly Predacious，hunt by seizing other flying insects on wing. Males have copulatory organs, not on posterior of abdomen, but on 2nd segment! Before mating, male has to transfer sperm from opening on 9th segment to 2nd segment. 直翅类Orthopteroid orders Hind wing anal area enlarged Mouthparts mandibulate Forewings leathery 8. 纺足目Embiidina Embios; lively Basal segment of fore tarsi swollen, modified with silk glands ； Male wings very flexible, with blood sinus in radius (RBS); Female wingless; Cerci 2-segmented 足丝蚁Webspinners， live in silken tubes 9.螳螂目Mantodea Forelegs raptorial ； Forewings leathery； Ultrasound “ear” on metathorax ； Eggs in foamy oothecae； 螳螂Praying mantid 10. 蜚蠊目Blattaria Dorsoventrally flattened； Running legs 。 蜚蠊、蟑螂Cockroaches 11.螳樇目Mantophasmatodea The adults do not have wings. Differ from Praying Mantid in that they do not have well developed raptorial fore legs. They differ from stick insects in that they are carnivorous, have longer antennae and, among other characters, a head that is pointed downwards as opposed to forwards. Mantophasmatodea do not have jumping hind legs as do most grasshoppers and crickets, but are technically separated from Orthoptera based on characters present on the thorax and ovipositor. 2002年Zompro发现的新目 12. 等翅目Isoptera Iso, equal; ptera, wings Eusocial, with reproductives, soldiers, and workers of both sexes. Wings with basal sutures allowing them to be shed; External genitalia rudimentary or lacking 白蚁White ants， termites 13.革翅目Dermaptera Derma, skin; ptera, wings Mouthparts chewing Front wings short and leathery Cerci enlarge