Cardiovascular Physiology - tplagge：心血管生理学tplagge.pptVIP

Cardiovascular Physiology Part 3 Cardiac Control, Capillary Exchange Disorders Lecture Outline Medullary Center for Cardiovascular Control the Baroreceptor Reflex Capillary Exchange The Lymphatic System Blood Cardiac PhysiologyNeural Regulation of Blood Pressure CNS contains the Medullary Cardiovascular Control Center Receives inputs from carotid and aortic baroreceptors Creates outflow to sympathetic and parasympathetic pathways Sympathetic to SA AV nodes and myocardium as well as to arterioles and veins Parasympathetic to the SA Node Baroreceptors initiate the baroreceptor reflex The Baroreceptor Reflex Pathways Lecture Outline Medullary Center for Cardiovascular Control the Baroreceptor Reflex Capillary Exchange Blood Capillary Exchange Cardiovascular process involving all three functional systems heart, blood blood vessels and physics velocity of blood flow cross-sectional area of capillaries Exchange processes diffusion transcytosis Pressures Filtration Influenced by capillary hydrostatic pressure colloid osmotic pressures (oncotic pressure) Influence bulk flow Capillary Exchange The physics involved: velocity of blood flow Influenced by? Capillary Exchange The physics involved: Exchange Processes Diffusion factors Surface area for diffusion 6300 m2 (two football field surfaces) Direct result of the large cross-sectional area and length of capillaries (~50,000 miles) membrane permeability Differing capillaries have differing permeabilitys Continuous vs. Fenestrated vs. Sinusoid Also influenced by surrounding cells Pericytes are weakly contractile cells that form a network around capillaries… The more pericytes the less permeable the capillaries are Can be associated with other cells to form barriers Capillary Exchange The physics involved: Exchange processes Diffusion of smaller molecules between the cells paracellular pathway Diffusion of larger molecules through the cells via endothelial transport (transcytosis) Capillary Exchange The physics