被动语态复习PPT.pptVIP

被动语态 语态是动词的一种形式，用以表示主语和谓语之间的关系。当主语是谓语动作的执行者，则为主动语态；当主语是谓语动作的承受者，则为被动语态。 被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。 何时使用被动语态呢？ 一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。例如： Football is played all over the world． 二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者时。例如： My bike was stolen．我的自行车被盗了 各种时态的被动语态构成 1）一般现在时：You are required to do this. 2）一般过去时：The story was told by her. 3）一般将来时：The problem will be discussed tomorrow. 4）现在进行时：The question is being discussed in the meeting room. 5）过去进行时：The new road was being made. 6）现在完成时：The novel has been read. 7)情态动词：The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there. 1.They make shoes in that factory. 主动语态变被动语态 Shoes are made (by them) in that factory. 一般现在时的被动语态构成 ： S(主语）+am/is /are +过去分词 一般将来时： S+ will+be+过去分词 4.They will finish the work in ten days. The work will be finished (by them) in ten days. 5.Some workers are painting the rooms now． The rooms are being painted by some workers now. 现在进行时： S+ am/is/are + being +过去分词 现在完成时： S+ have/has + been+过去分词 6．We have made twenty keys． Twenty more keys have been made by us. 过去进行时： S+ was/were+being+过去分词 My homework was being done (by me) at 8:00 last night. 7．I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night． 三、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等时。例如： It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and …… It was reported that her mother died of SARS. 众所周知… … It is well known that … 据推测说… … It is supposed that … 在什么情况下不能使用被动语态呢？ 1.表示状态的动词，如have，cost，fit，last， own，become等往往不能用于被动语态。 【正】The shirt fits him very well． 【误】He is fitted very well by the shirt． 2.祈使句一般没有被动语态。例如： 【正】Look at the blackboard，please． 【误】The blackboard is looked at by you． 3.某些及物动词的宾语表示处所、地点、组织时不能用于被动语态。例如： 【正】He joined the League in 1998． 【误】The League was joined by him in 1998． 5.反身代词在句中作宾语时，不能用被动语态。例如： 【正】You must look after yourself． 【误】Yourself must be looked after 1．People grow wheat in North China． 2．They bought ten computers last term． 3．Some workers are painting the classrooms now． 4．We have made