[信息与通信]室内甲醛污染自动监控系统的设计和研究.doc

摘 要 甲醛是一种重要的化工原料和有机溶剂，是制造油漆、塑料、橡胶、染料等的原料。目前，应用子家庭装修的材料中不可避免的含有甲醛。另外，甲醛作为消毒剂、防腐剂、熏蒸剂等也普遍存在于人们的身边，严重的危害着人们的健康。目前，己有了很多甲醛的检测方法，本文通过甲醛气体传感器构建智能控制系统，检测甲醛的浓度，当其浓度超过国家标准时及时打开窗户通风同时进行语音与电话报警。 本文围绕如何构建一个基于甲醛的智能控制系统进行了展开和研究，提出了以AT89C51单片机为核心的解决方案。AT89C51是8位单片机，性价比高，外围电路丰富，本设计采用串行通信方式，利用少量的I/O接口，采用TLC2543串行A/D转换芯片，扩展出一个数据采集系统，采用串行通信模块CR6269A扩展出智能报警系统，简化了系统的配置且降低了设计成本。 关键词：甲醛、单片机、传感器、TLC2543、 CR6269A  Abstract Formaldehyde is an important chemical raw materials and organic solvents, are manufacturing paint, plastics, rubber, dyes and other raw materials. At present, the materials used in home decoration inevitable containing formaldehyde. In addition, formaldehyde as disinfectants, preservatives, fumigants are also commonly found in peoples side, seriously endangering peoples health. At present, there are a lot of formaldehyde detection methods, this paper formaldehyde gas sensors to build intelligent control system to detect the concentration of formaldehyde, when its concentration exceeded the national standards for open windows and ventilation in a timely manner at the same time voice and phone alarm. This article on how to build a formaldehyde-based intelligent control system development and research with AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer as the core solution. AT89C51 are 8-bit single-chip, cost-effective, rich peripheral circuits, the design uses a serial communication means,using a small amount of I/O interface, using TLC2543 Serial A/D conversion chips,the expansion of a data acquisition system, Serial communication module CR6269A the intelligent alarm system to expand and simplify the system configuration and to reduce design cost. Key words:Formaldehyde;Single Chip Mircocomputer;Sensor;TLC2543;CR6269A. 目 录 摘 要 I Abstract II 1 绪论 1 1.1 课题的背景和意义 1 1.2 国内外研究和动态 2 1.2.1 分光光度法 2 1.2.2 色谱法 2 1.2.3 化学发光法 2 1.2.4 极谱法 3 1.2.5 化学传感器 3 1.2.6 快速测定仪 3 1.2.7 光学测定仪 3 1.2.8 电化学侧定仪 3 1.3 本文的主要工作 4 2 智能系统的总体设计 5 2.1 智能系统的总体组成 5 2.2 智能控制系统主处理器AT89C51 5 2.2.1