[文学]QA Statistics 统计学 281 课堂讲义.ppt

Chapter 6 Continuous Probability Distributions The Uniform Probability Distribution The Normal Probability Distribution Normal Approximation of Binomial Probabilities (Not covered in textbook) The Exponential Probability Distribution Continuous Probability Distributions A continuous random variable can assume _________ in an _________ on the real line or in a collection of intervals. It is not possible to talk about the probability of the random variable assuming a particular value.(It is zero) Instead, we talk about the probability of the random variable assuming a value within a given _________. The probability of the random variable assuming a value within some given interval from x1 to x2 is defined to be the ____ under the graph of the probability density function between ___ and___ . The Uniform Probability Distribution A random variable is uniformly distributed whenever the probability is _________ to the length of the interval. Graph: The Uniform Probability Distribution Uniform Probability Density Function f (x) = 1/(b - a) for a x b = 0 elsewhere Expected Value of x E(x) = (a + b)/2 Variance of x Var(x) = (b - a)2/12 where a = smallest value the variable can assume b = largest value the variable can assume Example: Slaters Buffet Slater customers are charged for the amount of salad they take. Sampling suggests that the amount of salad taken is uniformly distributed between 5 ounces and 15 ounces. Probability Density Function f (x ) = ________ for 5 x 15 = ___ elsewhere where x = salad plate filling weight Example: Slaters Buffet What is the probability that a customer will take between 12 and 15 ounces of salad? F (x ) x 5 10 15 12 1/10 Salad Weight (oz.) P(12 x 15) = (15-12)/10 = .3 Expected Value of x Variance of x E(x) = (a + b)/2 = (5 + 15)/2 = 10 Var(x) = (b - a)2/12 = (15 – 5)2/12 = 8.33 Uniform Probabil