[英语考试]四级常考语法结构讲解.docVIP

四级常考语法结构讲解　　be about to-V - be on the point of doing sth；just going to do sth即将，就要：Her father is about to retire．她即即将退休。As was about to say when you interrupted me．我正要张口说话时你打断了我。（注：about to后面跟不定式，而且常与when从句搭配使用）? 　　all but - 1. all but十形容词（或用在谓语动词前）= very nearly；almost几乎，差不多；　　2.all but+名词= all except 除……外都：Crows all but destroyed a farmers field of corn.群鸦几乎吃光了一位农夫的玉米地。The hikers were exhausted and all but frozen when they were found．那些徒步旅行者疲惫不堪，被人们发现时都几乎冻僵了。all but John were present．除约翰外，其他人都到了。（注：all but作几乎解时可修饰作表语的形容词或过去分词；也可作状语修饰谓语动词。）? 　　for all--- in spite of 尽管：He did not do well in the race，for all his training.尽管他进行了很多训练，但他的赛跑成绩并不很理想。For all his money，he was very unhappy．尽管他有不少钱，但他并不很幸福。 ? 　　alternative n．----选择，替代办法，注意下面成语的习惯用法：have no alternative but to do没有别的选择，只好：Theres no alternative but to fight．除了战斗以外，没有别的选择。 I had no alternative but to walk out．我没有别的办法，只有走出去。? 　　and ----用在省略if的特殊条件句中：Five minutes earlier，we could have caught the last train．a．and b．but c．or d．so（答案a．CET－493／6．译文：再早5分钟，我们就可能赶上最后一趟火车了。）Turn on the television or open a magazine and you ______ advertisements showing happy, balanced families. a. are often seeing b. will often see c. often see d. have often seen（答案 b．CET－495／6．译文：只要打开电视机或翻开一本杂志，你常常可以看到排列整齐的全家福广告照片。）? 　　anything but - not at all；far from根本不，一点不，作表语，but后面可以跟名词、形容词或过去分词：Hes anything but lazy/a hero. 他一点不懒/根本不是个英雄。The bridge is anything but safe/finished.这座桥一点不安全／离完工还差得很远。 Alone in a deserted house，he was so busy with his research work that he felt _______ lonely．a．nothing but b．anything but c．all but d．everything but（ 答案 b．考研90．译文：他一个人在一所房子里搞研究工作，一点也不感到寂寞。） as（四级考试频度很大的几个用法1.引导让步状语从句（通常可以用though替换），使用下面句型：1）形容词／副词十as＋主语十谓语：Young as I am，I know some of the family secrets．尽管我还很小，但我了解一些家庭秘密。Much as like her，I will not marry her．虽然我很喜欢她，但我并不想与她结婚。Some members of the staff couldnt handle the case，hard as they tried．一些职员不管怎么想办法也解决不了这个问题。2）原形动词十as十主语十may／might／will／would：Try as he would，he could not lift the rock．不管他用多大劲也举不起那块石头。T