[理学]CH01 Wave Function and Schrodinger Equation.ppt

§ 1.2 Schr?dinger Equation Then, So, a special solution for wave function is Where ? E(r) satisfies 3、Energy Eigenequation NEXT 3、Energy Eigenequation § 1.2 Schr?dinger Equation Energy Eigenequation (or time-independent Schr?dinger Equation) ? E(r) energy eigenfunction E energy eigenvalue NEXT 4、Stationary State § 1.2 Schr?dinger Equation We say this ? (r, t) describes a stationary sate. If the wave function can be written as Features: (a) Prove it (b) time independent Prove it NEXT 4、Stationary State § 1.2 Schr?dinger Equation (c) The probability distribution of measured value of any time-independent variable is time independent. If the initial state of the system is not an energy eigenstate, but the superposition of some energy eigenstates, i.e. , Prove Hence NEXT 4、Stationary State § 1.2 Schr?dinger Equation is the probability of the particle which has energy E at state Example Example： Find the wave function of a free particle. Solution: For free particle, V = 0. The SE is Let we have (a) (b) This is the classical simple harmonic oscillator equation, so the solution NEXT Example： Find the wave function of a free particle. Solution: Therefore, for free particle’s wave function monochrome plane wave function 1.3 Superposition of QS § 1.3 Superposition of Quantum States 1、Representation of quantum states representation of quantum state in coordinates representation of quantum state in momentum Exercises 1 (Page 23) According to Fourier Transform, Page 243 Exercises 2 (Page 23) According to Fourier Transform, by Page 244, (14) hence § 1.3 Superposition of Quantum States 2、Superposition principle of quantum states in the view of classical physics there are interference items. There may be ?3 or ?4 . in quantum mechanics Only ?1 or ?2 can exist. The probability of system take state ?1 is |c1|2. etc. quantum states collapse Schr?dinger’s cat A cat, along with a flask containing a poison and a radioactive source, is placed in a sealed