[工学]便携式酒精测试仪的设计.doc

摘 要 近年来,随着我国经济的发展,人民的生活水平提高,越来越多的人有了自己的私家车,而酒后驾车造成的交通事故也频频发生?机动车驾驶人员“酒后驾车”极易发生道路交通事故,严重危害了道路交通安全和人民生命财产安全,酒精通过消化系统被人体吸收,经过血液循环,约有90%的酒精通过肺部呼气排出, 因此测量呼气中的酒精含量,就可判断其醉酒程度,通过适当改进可以用于检测酒后驾车?本文用AT89S51单片机与MQ-3型气体传感器实现了对酒精浓度的测量,并对测量数据进行显示,同时利用二极管简单显示浓度的高低,在设计允许值时发出报警? 关键词:传感器;酒精探测仪;单片机;模-数转换  Abstract In recent years, as Chinas economic development, peoples living standards improve, more and more people have their own private cars and traffic accidents caused by drunk driving is also frequent. Driver drives very easy to happen traffic accident after drinking which endanger traffic safety and people safety of life and property seriously. After people drink, the alcohol is absorbed by the human body through the digestive system, through the blood circulation, nearly it have discharge exhaling lung alcohol of 90%. So measure the content of alcohol while exhaling , can judge its drunk degree. Different concentrations of alcohol solution are detected and showed in the design. The design can be used to the detection of drunk driving through improvement. In this thesis, the concentration of alcohol can be measured and displayed by using the gas sensor based on AT89S51 MCU and MQ-3. At the same time the concentration is displayed by LED, and the system allow to alarm in the certain value. Keywords: Sensor Alcohol detector Micro Controller Unit Analog to Digital Convert  目 录 摘 要 I Abstract II 1绪论 1 1.1酒精测试仪设计的目的及意义 1 1.2数据采集技术的原理 1 1.3传感器基础知识 2 1.3.1传感器的定义 2 1.3.2传感器的分类 2 1.3.3传感器的特性 3 2酒精测试仪总体方案设计 5 2.1 酒精浓度检测仪设计要求分析 5 2.2 酒精浓度检测仪设计方案 5 3酒精测试仪的硬件设计 7 3.1 单片机模块电路的设计 7 3.1.1 单片机片内结构 7 3.1.2单片机的选择 8 3.1.3单片机最小系统的实现 11 3.2酒精传感器模块的选择与设计 12 3.2.1气敏传感器工作原理 12 3.2.2气敏传感器简介 13 3.2.3 气体传感器向低功耗?多功能?集成化方向发展 13 3.2.4传感器的选择 14 3.2.5 MQ-3的检测 17 3.3酒精传感器的工作原理 17 3.3.1传感器性能分析 17 3.3.2呼出酒精气体浓度与血液酒精浓度关系 20 3.4 A/D转换电路 21 3.4.1 ADC0809的引脚及功能 22 3.4.2 ADC0809的结构及转换原理 23 3.4.3 ADC0809的工作原理 25 3.4.4 LED显示电路 25 3.4.5键盘电路 26 3.4.6报警电路 27 4测试仪的软件设计 28 4.1编程语言的选择 28 4.2开发工具 29 4.2.1单片