汽车专业毕业设计外文翻译1.docVIP

Integration and Performance Analysis of Flywheel Energy Storage System in an ELPH Vehicle I. INTRODUCTION Conventional Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) vehicles bear the disadvantages of poor fuel economy and environmental pollution. Basis of poor fuel economy are (i) Operation of engine in lower efficiency region during most of the time in a drive cycle and (ii) Dissipation of vehicle kinetic energy during braking . Electric battery operated vehicles have some advantages over the ICE driven vehicles, but their short range is a major lacuna in their performance. The shortcomings of both of these can be overcome by using a Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV). An HEV comprises conventional propulsion system with an on-board Rechargeable Energy Storage System (RESS) to achieve better fuel economy than a conventional vehicle as well as higher range as compared to an Electric Vehicle. HEVs prolong the charge on RESS by capturing kinetic energy via regenerative braking, and some HEVs also use the engine to generate electricity through an electrical generator (M/G) to recharge the RESS. An HEVs engine is smaller and may run at various speeds, providing higher efficiency. Reference suggests that HEVs allow fuel economy and reduced emissions compared to conventional ICE vehicles by: 1. Allowing the engine to stop under vehicle stop condition, 2. Downsizing the engine for same peak load requirements, as the motor will assist the engine for such higher loads, and 3. Allowing regenerative braking, not possible in conventional vehicle. In urban drive conditions, about 30% of the fuel can be saved through regenerative braking because of the frequent stop and go conditions . Series and Parallel hybrids are the two major configurations of the HEVs. Even in Parallel Configuration of Hybrid Vehicles, there are several possibilities in which an arrangement between the engine, motor and transmission can be made to achieve the desired performance from the vehicle. In general there are two me