硕士论文三峡库区滑坡稳定性分析及极限平衡数值模拟.doc

摘 要 边坡是山地丘陵区工程建设的基本地质环境，确保边坡的稳定是人类生活与工程活动的基本要求。但由于大量工程建设地处复杂的地质环境条件区，边坡失稳时有发生，滑坡灾害成为山地丘陵区工程建设所面临的主要问题之一。在我国三峡库区，城镇沿江迁建用地都是“寸土寸金”，而库岸失稳、滑坡将使珍贵的沿江建设用地大大减少，使城镇迁建用地更加“捉襟见肘”。同时，库岸滑坡、坍塌等还将造成三峡库区水土流失问题，影响和弱化三峡库区生态环境，影响和削弱移民迁建安置环境，以及危害到人们群众生命财产的安全。如果能够及时准确的对边坡状态进行稳定性分析，并对处于临界状态的边坡采取相应的治理措施，则可将经济损失减少到最低限度。而且边坡稳定性研究对治理方案的设计、工程选址、城市规划等重大决策都有着重要的意义。本文在参考国内外滑坡稳定性分析文献的基础上，首先分析了影响滑坡稳定性的因素，包括地层岩性、地形地貌、地质构造、水、地震等因素；其次总结了滑带土物理力学性质的研究方法，即：试验、反算、工程比拟以及经验；然后对稳定性分析方法进行了研究。本文主要以三峡库区某滑坡为例，在对大量的野外调查资料、已有的勘察技术资料以及区域地质资料综合分析的基础上，通过分析影响滑坡稳定性的主要因素，对滑坡的整体稳定性做出宏观评价；其次采用二维刚体极限平衡法、有限元法、有限差分法对滑坡进行了定量分析。其中，二维刚体极限平衡法用于计算该滑坡的稳定系数；有限元法和有限差分法则是对滑坡进行数值模拟，通过位移、应力、应变等结果对滑坡的稳定性作出评价。本文对该滑坡稳定性研究具有重要的工程实践意义和巨大的社会经济效益，而且对三峡库区中类似的滑坡稳定性分析有着良好的典型示范作用。 关键词：三峡库区 滑坡 稳定性分析 极限平衡 数值模拟 Abstract It is essential to ensure the slope stability, which consists of the basic geological environment of the engineering construction in hilly country, for the safety of human life and engineering activities. However, the landslide is one of the main problems of the construction in complex geological environment as it usually gives rise to slope failure. In the area of three gorges reservoir, the construction land along the river is limited, which becomes even less because of bank instability and the coast. At the same time, the bank instability and collapse will lead to the running out of water and soil, and affect the environment of this area and the immigration environment, so it will do harm to human life and property safety. The loss can be reduced to the least if the stabilization analyses of the slope is done in time and necessary actions are adopted to solve the problem of the slope in the critical conditions. And it has great significance of stabilization research of slope to the plan designing, project positioning, city planning and other important issues. Base on the literatures on slope stability at home and abroad, the factors which affect the stability of slope are analyzed, including stratum lithology, landform, g