海上风机设计选型.PDFVIP

海上风机设计选型 Offshore wind turbine design options 涉及支配因素 Design driver… 综合平衡成本 Cost of balance of plant 安装 风机分级和成本 ‘Installability’ Cost rating of turbine 风电最低成本 可靠性 Lowest cost of energy Reliability 运行和维护成本 Operation maintenance costs 可进入性 Accessibility 可利用性 设计寿命/再利用选择 Availability Design lifetime /repowering options 概要Outline • 额定功率 What power rating? • 叶片数 How many blades? • 转速 How fast? • 上风向风机还是下风向风机？ Upwind or downwind rotor? • 传动链配置 Drive train configuration • 海上风机支撑结构 Offshore support structure options 风机系统的发展 Growth of Wind Turbine Systems 1960, 24 米 → 2007, 126 米 直径diameter 尺寸的效果和成本 The benefits costs of scaling • 风机叶片扫掠面积与半径的平方成正比 Rotor swept area scales with the square of the linear dimension • 如果只考虑叶片重量引起的疲劳，叶片质量成本是尺寸的三次方， 而轮毂质量阶次更高 Blade mass cost cubic, hub mass higher power if design driven by blade weight fatigue • 传动链的质量和成本也是按三次方增加 Drive train mass cost essentially cubic overall for any given configuration • 多兆瓦级风机在根本上讲经济效益差 Turbine systems are fundamentally less economic in the multi-megawatt range • 从整个风场的经济性来看，海上风场需要大型风机 Balance of station economics justifies larger (multi-megawatt) units offshore • 限制风机发展尺寸的因素是经济性，而不是技术 Size limits are economic long before they are technological 多叶片概念 Multi-Roto