斜拉桥体系.docxVIP

附录： THE CABLE-STAYED BRIDGE SYSTEMDuring the past decade cable-stayed bridges have found wide application, especially in Western Europe, and to a lesser extent in other parts of the world.The renewal of the cable-stayed system in modern bridge engineering was due to the tendency of bridge engineers in Europe, primarily Germany, to obtain optimum structural performance from material which was in short supply during the post-war years. Cable-stayed bridges are constructed along a structural system which comprises an orthotropic deck and continuous girders which are supported by stays, i.e. inclined cables passing over or attached to towers located at the main piers. The idea of using cables to support bridge spans is by no means new, and a number of examples of this type of construction were recorded a long time ago .Unfortunately the system in general met with little success, due to the fact that the static were not fully understood and that unsuitable materials such as bars and chains were used to form the inclined supports or stays. Stays made in this manner could not be fully tensioned and in a slack condition allowed large deformations of the deck before they could participate in taking the tensile loads for which they were intendedWide and successful application of cable-stayed systems was realized only recently, with the introduction of high-strength steels, orthotropic decks, development of welding techniques and progress in structural analysis. The development and application of electronic computers opened up new and practically unlimited possibilities for the exact solution of these highly statically indeterminate systems and for precise statically analysis of their three-dimensional performance. Existing cable-stayed bridges provide useful data regarding design, fabrication, erection and maintenance of the new system. With the construction of these bridges many basic problems encountered in their engineering are shown to have been successfully solved. Howe