该如何用公平理论？在社会关系中研究公平的新方法.docVIP

外文文献翻译译文 原文： What should be done with equity theory? New approaches to study of fairness in social relationships Leventhal Gerald S. 1980 B Issues In Equity Theory Three major problems with equity theory are considered. The first problem is that equity theory employs a unidimensional rather than multidimensional conception of fairness. The theory conceptualizes perceived justice solely in terms of a merit principle . The second problem is that equity theory considers only the final distribution of reward. The procedures which generate that distribution are not examined. The focus is on fair distribution problems of fair procedure are ignored. The third problem is that equity theory tends to exaggerate the importance of fairness in social relationships. Concern for justice is only one motivational force among many that influences social perception and behavior , and it may often be a weaker force than others. Other approaches to the study of fairness in social exchange share some of these problems with equity theory. No single approach has solved them all. However, because equity theory is so prominent . It is the focus of this critique. Π. A Multidimensional Approach to Distributive Fairness. A.The Unidimensional Approach of Equity Theory . Equity theory employs a unidimensional concept of justice. The theory assumes that an individual judges the fairness of his own or others rewards solely in terms of a merit principle. Fairness exists when rewards are in proportion to contributions. Undoubtedly, the theory is correct in assuming that an individuals perception of fairness is strongly affected by a contributions rule which dictates that persons with great contributions should receive higher outcomes. However, equity theory ignores the possible role of other standards of justice that influence perception of distributive fairness. In contrast , a number of theorists have recognized the need for a multidimensional concept of distributive fa