Chapt 4 3D图形数学基础.pptVIP

Basic for 3D Graphics 01 Vector 2D Cartesian Coordinate System 3D Cartesian Coordinate System Left-handed vs. Right-handed Coordinate Spaces Coordinate Spaces for Graphics Object Space (Local Space) Coordinate Spaces for Graphics World Space Coordinate Spaces for Graphics Camera Space (View Space) Coordinate Spaces for Graphics Inertial Space New Object space origin World space axes Object - Inertial rotation Inertial - World translation Vectors A vector is a list of numbers. A vector is simply an array of numbers. Vector - Geometric Definition a vector is a directed line segment that has magnitude and direction. 2D vectors 3D vectors 计算向量大小 Vector Multiplication by a Scalar Normalize Vectors unit vectors (normalized vectors) A unit vector is a vector that has a magnitude of 1. Concerned with direction and not magnitude. 向量相加  向量相减 Vector Dot Product (点积 ) Value of Vector Dot Product If a and b are unit vectors. If a·b 0, 0°θ 90° If a·b = 0, θ= 90° If a·b 0, 90°θ 180° Vector Cross Product ||a×b|| = ||a||·||b||·sin(θ) 叉积 3D Vector Class class Vector3 { public: float x,y,z; // Constructors // Default constructor leaves vector in // an indeterminate state Vector3() {} // Copy constructor Vector3(const Vector3 a) : x(a.x), y(a.y), z(a.z) {} // Construct given three values Vector3(float nx, float ny, float nz) : x(nx), y(ny), z(nz) {} 3D Vector Class // Standard object maintenance // Assignment. We adhere to C convention and // return reference to the lvalue Vector3 operator =(const Vector3 a) { x = a.x; y = a.y; z = a.z; return *this; } // Check for equality bool operator ==(const Vector3 a) const { return x==a.x y==a.y z==a.z; } bool operator !=(const Vector3 a) const { return x!=a.x || y!=a.y || z!=a.z; } … Basic for 3D Graphics 02 Matrix Matrices A matrix is a rectangular grid of numbers arranged into rows and columns. A matrix is a 2D array of numbers. Square Matrices 3D math is interested in 3×3 and 4×4 matrices. identity matrix Mult