中药材农药残留及脱除方法研究进展.PDFVIP

中草药 Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs 第49 卷 第3 期 2018 年2 月 ·745 · 中药材农药残留及脱除方法研究进展 * * 马 雯，薛晓利，秦雪梅 ，张建琴 山西大学 中医药现代研究中心，山西 太原 030006 摘 要：近年来，随着中药材种植过程中农药的使用，中药材农药残留现象日益凸显。目前中药材农药残留已危及到中药材 的品质，对中药的使用安全和药材出口产生不良影响。中药材中有机氯农药、有机磷农药和拟除虫菊酯类农药的残留不容忽 视。对近 10 年中药材中3 种主要残留农药的研究进展进行综述，同时对目前可行的农残脱除方法进行统计，显示物理方法 的使用频率高于化学脱除方法，而生物方法尚未在中药材中普及。针对中药材农药残留特点及其脱除方法的特殊性对不同农 药脱除方法进行评价，建议推广绿色、高效、不破坏中药材有效成分和对环境友好的基因工程脱除农残技术，并对改善中药 材农药残留现象的可行措施进行展望。 关键词：中药材；农药残留；有机磷农药；有机氯农药；拟除虫菊酯类农药；杀虫剂脱除方法 中图分类号：R282.2 文献标志码：A 文章编号：0253 - 2670(2018)03 - 0745 - 09 DOI: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2018.03.034 Research progress on pesticide residues in Chinese medicinal materials and pesticide removal methods MA Wen, XUE Xiao-li, QIN Xue-mei, ZHANG Jian-qin Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China Abstract: Recently, with the increasing demand of Chinese medicinal materials production, the use of pesticides during cultivation has also increased, which caused seriously pesticide residues in Chinese medicinal materials. At present, pesticide residues in Chinese medicinal materials have resulted in severe impacts on quality, safe usage and export of Chinese medicinal materials. This article reviews the research progress on three major pesticide residues in Chinese medicinal materials over the past ten years, and the data showed that the residual situation of organochlorine pesticides, organophosphorus pesticides and pyrethroid pesticides in Chinese medicinal materials are still serious, but the research status is not optimistic. Meanwhile, the statistical result from current feasible pesticide removal methods showed that the usage frequency of physical method is higher than that of chemical removal method, in addition, biological methods have not yet popularized in Chi