交际能力之三.PPTVIP

第一页 第五个关注点：考虑交际 交际：指两个或更多的人之间在思想、信息等方面的交流。 认知：思维、记忆、感知、识别、归类等所运用的各种心理过程。 交际法 (Communicative approach) 强调语言的功能性和交际性。 把培养交际能力作为语言教学的目标。 Canale 和 Swain 认为交际能力包括： 语法能力 社会语言能力 话语能力 策略能力 怪在哪？ Teacher: Where did you go in the holiday, Wang Fang? Learner 1: I didn’t go anywhere. Teacher: Very good, very good. And you, Lin Fei. Where did you go? Learner 2: I go to Shanghai. Teacher: No, no, Lin Fei, no. I went to Shanghai. 老师的关注点：language ; 而不是information 交流很容易中断 交际法操作： 以语言功能为纲； 教学过程交际化； 先流畅后准确； 在语篇中使用语言； 必要时可用母语解释和翻译； 多种教学手段并举。 交际能力之一：语法能力 （培养） Child: Want other one spoon, Daddy. (省略主语) Daddy: You mean, you want the other spoon? Child: Yes, I want other one spoon, please Daddy. S：I see a dog yesterday. T：Oh, you saw a dog yesterday. Was it big? 暗示性纠错，保持意义交流不断线 交际能力之二：社会语言能力 习得语域风格 （register styles) 例1：学术问题中极少用第一人称； 书信等日常文体中第一人称出现频繁。 例2： 小明爬到床底下，偷偷躲了起来，_____________ ，从床下拽了出来，送到幼儿园去了。（1992高考语文） A. 妈妈找了好久，最后才发现他 B. 但后来还是让妈妈找到了 C. 使妈妈找了好久，终于把他找到 D. 但妈妈毕竟发现了他 答案：B行文流畅 例子3： Time flies! ‘Time flies!’ Time is the name of a baby angel in my dream. She has two wings but she is too fragile to fly… I hope I’ll encounter my angel again tonight, and this time I’ll see her fluttering her wings in the sky. Then I’ll quickly awake and tell my mother: ‘Time flies!’ “Time flies!” Suppose insects also hold their Olympic Games, and one game is for flies to “run” a race (with their wings, not legs, of course). Once before a race starts, the Chairman of the Games reminds an absent-minded timer loudly, “Time flies!” 交际能力之三：话语能力 例子1：He is my brother and he is my father. （表达） 例子2：“It is hot here.”有多少意思？（理解） Please open the window! Is it all right if I open the window? You are wasting the electricity. Do you mind turning on the air-conditioner? I am sorry , the power if off. It is a nice place to have a meeting. …… 认知能力之四：策略能力 Wife:　 Where is my