[工程科技]加工中心人机系统的可靠性分析.doc

加工中心的人机系统可靠性研究 The Reliability Study of the Human-machine System of Machining Center 学 院：机械学院 专 业/班 级： 学 号： 学 生 姓 名： 指 导 教 师： （讲师） 2010 年 6 月 摘 要 加工中心的可靠性不仅取决于机床本身的性能和质量，还取决于操作者和环境。因此，将人-机-环境因素作为一个整体来研究加工中心的可靠性，才能收到预期的效果。本论文运用人机工程学理论，将整个加工中心系统作为人-机-环境系统综合考虑，找出严重影响加工中心人机系统可靠性的因素，并据此提出改善措施。 首先，进行整机FMEA分析，找出加工中心故障的多发模式、部位、原因以及进行分类分析；同时，分析其对系统可靠性的影响程度，找出严重影响加工中心人机系统可靠性的故障模式。 然后，运用FTA的方法，充分考虑人、机床、环境因素，来建立系统的故障树。首先在建立故障树的各级事件时，将人为失误以及基本影响因素作为基本事件;然后运用最小割集理论，分别求出各个故障子树的最小割集，进而得到整个系统故障树的最小割集，找出避免或降低加工中心故障的途径。 最后，通过分析、研究可以得到影响系统故障的各种因素，本论文充分运用人机工程学理论，结合实际，从控制面板、作业环境、生产管理、人员培训以及日常维护等几个方面，提出相应的可靠性改进措施。 关键词：加工中心；人机系统；可靠性；FMEA; FTAAbstract The reliability of the Machining Center is decided not only by the performance and quality of the machine itself, but also by the operator and the environment. Therefore, prospective effect can only be reached by taking the Human- Machine-Environmental factors as a whole system to research the reliability of the Machining Center. This thesis utilizes ergonomics theory, considers the whole Machining Center system as a Human-Machine-Environment System synthetically, finds the factors that seriously affect the reliability of the human-machine system of Machining Center, and propose improvement measures. First, the whole machine FMEA analysis is carried out to discover the patterns, parts and reasons of common failures as well as to classify and analyses the reasons. The degree of influence of the failures on the whole system is analyzed, and the failure pattern which seriously affects the human-machine system of Machining Center. Second, the theory of FTA is used to establish the system failure tree with full consideration of human, machine and environment. First，human failures and basic influencing factors are taken as basic events when events of different levels of the failure tree is established. Then the least shear collection theory is used to separately work out the least shear collection of each failure sub-tree,