[工程科技]基于单片机的电子密码锁设计.doc

基于单片机的电子密码锁设计 摘 要 随着科学技术的发展，人们对日常生活中的安全保险器件的要求越来越高。传统机械式钥匙锁，人们需要携带钥匙，使用极不方便，且钥匙丢失后安全性即大打折扣；电子密码锁具有安全性高，成本低，功耗低等优点。随着大规模集成电路技术的发展，特别是单片机的问世，出现了带微处理器的电子密码锁，它除具有密码锁的一般功能外，还引入了智能化管理、专家分析系统等功能，从而使密码锁的应用日益广泛。本设计就是以AT89C51为核心的单片机控制方案。它由单片机系统，矩阵键盘、LCD显示、声光报警系统、掉电存储模块和GSM短息模块组成。系统能完成开锁、超次报警、修改密码等基本的密码锁的功能。除上述基本的密码锁功能外还能实现掉电存储，声光提示和发短息功能。本系统成本低廉，安全性和可靠性高，功能实用。 关键字 密码锁 单片机 掉电存储 报警 GSM THE DESIGN OF ELECTICAL PASSWORD LOCK BASED SINGLE-CHIP ABSTRACT With the development of science and technology, people have higher demand for the safety device in daily life. The traditional mechanical lock, people need to carry keys, it is very inconvenient to use, and if loss the key security is greatly reduced; Electronic lock with higher security, low cost, low power consumption and soon,has become an indispensable security tool. With the large-scale integrated circuit technology development, especially the single-chip came out, the emergence of microprocessor electronic password lock turn on, it is not only have cipher lock general function, but also introduce the intelligent management, expert analysis system and other functions, so that locks use in wide range of applications increasingly. This design is based on AT89C51MCU control scheme. It is composed of a single chip computer system, matrix keyboard, LED display, alarm system, power-down memory module and the GSM short message module. The system can complete the lock, the alarm, modify passwords and other basic password lock function. In addition to the above basic password lock function can achieve power-down memory, prompting sound and short interest function. This system has the advantages of low cost, high safety and reliability, practical function. KEY WORDS the password lock MCU power-down memory alarm GSM  目 录 中文摘要 I 英文摘要 II 1 绪论 1 1.1 电子密码锁的发展趋势 1 1.2 设计目的和意义 1 1.3 本设计的主要任务 1 2 系统方案设计 3 3 系统硬件构成 4 3.1 设计原理 4 3.2 时钟电路 4 3.3 复位电路 4 3.4 电源部分 4 3.5 矩阵键盘 4 3.6 密码存储部分 4 3.7 液晶显示部分 4 3.8 报警部分 4 3.9 GSM