[经管营销]管理科学简介学校版.ppt

1 Introduction Management Science Management Science is the discipline that adapts the scientific approach for problem solving to help managers make informed decisions. The goal of management science is to recommend the course of action that is expected to yield the best outcome with what is available. 2 1.1 What Is Management Science? The basic steps in the management science problem solving process involves Analyzing business situations and building mathematical models to describe them; Solving the mathematical models; Communicating/implementing recommendations based on the models and their solutions. 3 1.1 What Is Management Science? A scientific method of providing executive departments with a quantitative basis for decisions regarding operations (Philip McCord Morse). Logic and common sense are basic components in supporting the decision making process. The use of techniques such as (US army pamphlet 660-3): Statistical inference Mathematical programming Probabilistic models Network and computer science 4 The Management Science Approach Linear Programming was used by Burger King to find how to best blend cuts of meat to minimize costs. Integer Linear Programming model was used by American Air Lines to determine an optimal flight schedule.  The Shortest Route Algorithm was implemented by the SonyCorporation to developed an onboard car navigation system. 5 Management Science Applications Project Scheduling Techniques were used by a contractor to rebuild Interstate 10 damaged in the 1994 earthquake in the Los Angeles area. Decision Analysis approach was the basis for the development of a comprehensive framework for planning environmental policy in Finland. Queuing models are incorporated into the overall design plans for Disneyland and Disney World, which lead to the development of ‘waiting line entertainment’ in order to improve customer satisfaction. 6 Management Science Applications Many managerial decision situations lend themselves to quantitative