International Environmental Law TERI University国际环境法 TERI大学.ppt

Sustainable Development the ‘equitable’ use of natural resources , which implies that use by one state must take account of the needs of other states (the principle of equitable use, or intra-generational equity) the need to ensure that environmental considerations are integrated into economic and other development plans, programmes and projects, and that development needs are taken into account in applying environmental objectives (the principle of integration) Sustainable Development Gab?íkovo - Nagymaros Dams [Danube Dam case (1997) Hungary/Slovakia] The Court is mindful that, in the field of environmental protection, vigilance and prevention are required on account of the often irreversible character of damage to the environment and of the limitations inherent in the very mechanism of reparation of this type of damage. Throughout the ages, mankind has, for economic and other reasons, constantly interfered with nature. In the past, this was often done without consideration of the effects upon the environment….. Sustainable Development ….Owing to new scientific insights and to a growing awareness of the risks for mankind - for present and future generations - of pursuit of such interventions at an unconsidered and unabated pace, new norms and standards have been developed, set forth in a great number of instruments during the last two decades. Such new norms have to be taken into consideration, and such new standards given proper weight, not only when States contemplate new activities but also when continuing with activities begun in the past. This need to reconcile economic development with protection of the environment is aptly expressed in the concept of sustainable development. Sustainable Development There are international scholars who doubt the utility of these principles to tackle issues like global warming. For example B.S. Chimni observes: The violence against nature represents a growing crisis of our times. The problem of global warming has come t