口蹄疫核酸疫苗.docVIP

口蹄疫核酸疫苗研究进展 摘要 核酸疫苗是最近几年从基因治疗研究领域发展起来的一种全新的免疫防治剂。核酸疫苗是指将含有编码某种抗原蛋白基因序列的质粒载体作为疫苗,直接导入动物细胞内,通过宿主细胞的转录系统形成抗原蛋白,诱导宿主产生针对该抗原蛋白的免疫应答,从而使被接种动物获得相应的免疫保护。而口蹄疫是呈世界性流行的由口蹄疫病毒引起的偶蹄动物的一种急性、热性、高度接触性传染病，一旦暴发将给世界各国的畜牧业造成了巨大的经济损失，使得人们在应对它时，必须侧重于早期的防治。疫苗作为预防、控制传染病的发生和流行的主要手段，在防控口蹄疫方面担任着重要角色。虽然灭活疫苗和弱毒疫苗在防止口蹄疫的流行中发挥了重要作用，但是随着防疫标准的提高及对生物安全的考虑，传统疫苗开始显露出种种缺陷，如对灭活苗免疫动物和自然感染动物区分不便，疫苗保存较耗时耗材，弱毒苗安全性较低等。随着分子生物学研究的深入，基因工程疫苗成为目前研究的热点。其中核酸疫苗由于生产工艺简单、便于保存和运输、无感染性、无反强且抗原相关表位稳定等优点受到广泛关注。 Nucleic acid vaccines are developed from the research field of gene therapy in recent years a new immune control agent. Refers to DNA vaccine containing coded something as vaccine Antigen protein gene sequence of plasmid vectors, direct import in animal cells, through the host cell transcription system formation of Antigen protein,-induced host immune responses against that Antigen proteins, which have been vaccinated animals get immune protection. Foot and mouth disease is a worldwide epidemic of foot and mouth disease virus artiodactyl caused an acute, febrile, highly contagious disease, once the outbreak will give the worlds livestock cause huge economic losses, so that when the people in it, must focus on prevention and treatment of early stage. Vaccine as a preventive, primary means of control of infectious diseases and epidemiology, served as an important role in preventing and controlling foot and mouth disease. Although attenuated vaccine and inactivated vaccine in the prevention of foot and mouth disease played an important role in the popular, but with the epidemic prevention standards improve and biosafety considerations, traditional vaccines began to reveal flaws, such as the immunity of inactivated and naturally infected animals distinguish inconvenience, saves more time consuming supplies of vaccines, attenuated vaccine is less secure, and so on. With the deepening of molecular biology, genetic engineering vaccines of becoming hot spots. Nucleic acid vaccines because of the production process is simple