java第五章流程控制、异常和断言.doc

第五章流程控制、异常和断言 206页if语句 209页考试注意事项 boolean boo = false; if (boo = true) { } 常范错误：当要测试一个布尔变量时为布尔变量赋值 int x = 3; if (x = 5) { } // Wont compile 210页switch语句 switch语句结果必须为char、byte、short、int。从java 5起，也可为enum。 case常量必须与switch表达式可用类型相同。 case常量必须是编译时常量。 final int a = 1; final int b; b = 2; int x = 0; switch (x) { case a: // ok case b: // compiler error 216页while循环 217页do－while循环 基本for循环 220页增强for循环（用于数组） for(declaration : expression) expression想要遍历的数组 for(变量类型 变量名 : 数组名) 集合中任一元素 is a 变量类型才正确 int [] a = {1,2,3,4}; for(int x = 0; x a.length; x++) // basic for loop System.out.print(a[x]); for(int n : a) // enhanced for loop System.out.print(n); int x; long x2; Long [] La = {4L, 5L, 6L}; long [] la = {7L, 8L, 9L}; int [][] twoDee = {{1,2,3}, {4,5,6}, {7,8,9}}; String [] sNums = {one, two, three}; Animal [] animals = {new Dog(), new Cat()}; // legal for declarations for(long y : la ) ; // loop thru an array of longs for(long lp : La) ; // autoboxing the Long objects into longs for(int[] n : twoDee) ; // loop thru the array of arrays for(int n2 : twoDee[2]) ; // loop thru the 3rd sub-array for(String s : sNums) ; // loop thru the array of Strings for(Object o : sNums) ; // set an Object reference to each String for(Animal a : animals) ; // set an Animal reference to each element class A { public static void main(String [] args) { int [][] twoDee = {{1,2,3}, {4,5,6}, {7,8,9}}; for(int[] n : twoDee) for(int m : n) System.out.print(m+” “); } } 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 int x; long x2; Long [] La = {4L, 5L, 6L}; long [] la = {7L, 8L, 9L}; int [][] twoDee = {{1,2,3}, {4,5,6}, {7,8,9}}; String [] sNums = {one, two, three}; Animal [] animals = {new Dog(), new Cat()}; // ILLEGAL for declarations for(x2 : la) ; // x2 is already declared for(int x2 : twoDee) ; // cant stuff an array into an int for(int x3 : la) ; // cant stuff a long into an int for(Dog d : animals) ; // you might get a Cat! 221页break continue boolean isTrue = true; outer: for(int i=0;