虚拟从句.docVIP

虚拟从句 状语从句中虚拟从句的应用 If 引导的条件状语从句 相反时态 从句 主句 例句 与过去时态相反 过去完成时态 Would/could/ should/might+have done If you had studied harder last term, you could have passed the exam. 与现在事实相反 过去式（be动词用were） Would/colud/should/might do If I were you, I would go with him. 与将来事实相反 Should do sth. Were to do sth 动词过去式 Would/colud/should/might do If he were to go tomorrow， He might tell you. 注意：㈠在if引导的虚拟条件句中，若有were, had, should, 在书面语中可省去if ,将were等提到主语前，形成倒装。　　Should there be a good film tomorrow. I would go to the theatre with you.　　Were it not for your help. I wouldn‘ t be succeed. 1． 从句表示过去，主句表示现在。　　If they had stared the early morning yesterday, they would be here now.2． 从句表示将来，主句表示过去。　　If I were not to make a preparation for my experiment this afternoon, I would have gone to see the film with you last night。　　3． 从句表示过去，主句表示将来。　　If we hadn’ t made adequate preparations, we shouldn‘ t dare to do the experiment next week。　　4．从句表示将来，主句表示现在。　　If we shouldn’ t have an exam this afternoon. I would go shopping now.用“without/but for/in the absence of ”表示“要不是”，“如果没有”（相当于if it were not for…）表示条件时，句中一般用虚拟语气。（也可用陈述语气）　　Without your help, I couldn’ t finish my work on time.　　In the absence of water and air, nothing could live.由“providing (that)/ provided (that)/on condition that/ in order that”引导的条件从句或目的从句，根据情况，可用虚拟语气。（有时也可用陈述语气）　　They are willing surrender provided they are given free passage.在目的状语从句中 在由lest 和in case等引导的目的状语从句中，用“should+动词原形” (should可省略)。例如： He ran away lest he(should)be seen．他跑走了，以免被人看到。 She explained again and again in case he (should)misunderstand her．她解释了一遍又一遍，以免他误解她。 in case等引导的目的状语从句中的谓语有时也可用陈述语气。此时，从句表示的就是真实情况，而不是虚拟情况。例如： Take warm clothes in case the weather iS cold．带上厚衣服，以防天气变冷。 在由“so that…”和“in order that…” 引导的目的从句中，要用“can／could／may／might／would+动词原形”，以表示目的并非事实。例如： She stayed at home for a few days s that she might／could take care of her sick mother． 她在家呆了几天，以便照顾她生病的母亲。 在由“for fear that…”引导的从句中，用“should+动词原形”(有时也可用may／mig