English Renaissance北大演示文稿.ppt

The English Renaissance(1485--1660) I. Historical background II. Renaissance in England III. Humanism Edmund Spenser IV. The flourishing of drama “University Wits” and Christopher Marlowe The age of William Shakespeare I. Historical background I. The highly skillful ruling of Elizabeth (1558——1603) made England strong economically and politically: 1)her internal policies: the-middle-of-road policies holding the two forces: the bourgeoisie and the land gentry, the protestants and the Anglicans in balance. Under such circumstances England enjoyed great stability and could focus on economical development: exports of cloth and the enclosure movement 2) her external policies/ the geographic discoveries and the colonization of Ireland, the establishment of East Indian Company etc. and Elizabeth’s secret support of the pirate of the Spanish ships on the sea 3) A patron of learning; a lover of England; wrote poems herself. The height of the Renaissance during her reign. II. The Rising of the British Empire The greatest sea power in the world Francis Drake circumnavigated the Globe. 1588, invinsible Armada was defeated by English navy. Trade routes were opened to India. III. Enclosure movement: Reasons: 1. the rising of the Burgher 2. the discovery of the new routes 3. the wool trade. Result: two opposite classes: the capitalist class, the laboring class. II. Renaissance in England The meaning of Renaissance: refers to the rebirth of letters and arts stimulated by the recovery and study of classical works of ancient Rome and Greece and the development of new aesthetics based on classical models. The Renaissance period is markedly by the rediscovery and study of the classics of ancient Greece and Rome, by challenge feudal obscurantism and religious dogmas, by opposing the tyranny of feudal rules. It is characterized with the growth of a more scientific outlook, major development in art and literature, new invention and ov