高中英语句子成分分析1图文.ppt

句子的构成 句子成分 主语 subject 谓语 predicate 宾语 object 表语 predicative 宾补 complement 定语 attribute 状语 adverbial 同位语 appositive 1. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday. ↓ 主语 ↓ 谓 语 ↓ 定语 ↓ 宾 语 ↓ 同位语 ↓ 状 语 ㈠主语 Jane is good at playing the piano. She went out in a hurry. Four plus four is eight. To see is to believe. Smoking is bad for health. The young should respect the old. What he has said is true. 主语: 可以作主语的成分有名词, 主格代词,动词 不定式, 动名词等等。主语一般在句首。 名词 主格代词 数词 动词不定式 动名词 the + 形容词 句子 主语是一个句子的主题，是句子所陈述的主体，一般 放于句首，可以是人，也可以是物，指动作的执行者。 ㈡谓语 谓语: 谓语一般是指主语的动作或状态，简单谓语由动词或动词词组构成, 一般在主语之后。 I saw the flag on the top of the hill? He looked after two orphans. 复合谓语 由情态动词或助动词+动词; He can speak English well. She has finished the homework. 1. The sun rose. 2. Who cares? 3. What he said does not matter. 4. They talked for half an hour. 5. Who knows the answer? 6. He has refused to help them. 7. He enjoys reading. 8. He said Good morning. 3. 宾语（object)： 宾语在句子中主要充当动作的承受者，一般放于及物动词之后。 例:老师把灯关了. The teacher turned off the lights. 介宾 例:他们将不会伤害我们. They won’t hurt us. 动宾 例:他在上个星期放弃吸烟了. He gave up smoking last week. 介宾 宾语 动宾 介宾 宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指物,间接宾语指人. He gave me some books. ↓ 间接 宾语 ↓ 直接 宾语 ●Please pass me the book. ●He bought me some flowers. (四)宾语补足语 宾语补足语: 位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。 I found the book interesting. Do you hear Tom singing? He made himself understood. She asked me to lend her a hand. Please make yourself at home. Please keep the dog out. We must keep it a secret. 形容词 现在分词 过去分词 动词不定式 介词短语 副词 名词 . 补语:(complement) 补语 主语补足语： 宾语补足语： 补充说明主语的动作或状态 补充说明宾语的动作或状态 １．我又累又困，就去睡了。 Tired and sleepy, I went to bed. 2．我发现那本书很有趣。 I found that book very interesting. 主语补足语 宾语补足语 你的朋友来上学时心情很不好。 Your friend comes to school very upset. (五)定语 He is a clever boy. They are building a stone bridge. There are 54 students in our class. Do you known Betty’s sister? He bought some sleeping pills. There is a sleeping baby in bed. His spoken language is