反不正当竞争法视野下商业道德认定的困局及破解.DOCVIP

反不正当竞争法视野下商业道德认定的 局及破解 叶明陈耿华 南政法大学经济法学院 反不正当竞争法屮的商业道德是判定行为正当性的重要标准，科学认定商业道 德对规制新型不正当竞争行为大有裨益。司法实践中分别以诚实信用原则、行业 自律惯例和创设具体细则三条路径来认定商业道德，然而这三条路径均受到不 同程度的批判。对此，从立法史、文义解释与域外实践的视角检视之，可从诚实 信用原则的角度诠释商业道德。鉴于行业自律惯例是行业共冋体惯常做法与公认 标准的体现，与商业道德的源起、内在表征一致，故可辅佐认定商业道德，但应 严格限定其适用条件。而对新兴行业竞争规则的匮乏，应允许司法能动地提炼商 业道德的具化规则，但其须契合竞争法的基本理念、注重多方主体的利益衡量且 以必要的案例群与充分论证为基础。 关键词： 不正当竞争;商业道德;不确定性;诚实信用原则;行业自律惯例; 基金：西南政法大学经济法学科“两江学荠”团队研宂课题“公平竞争审査制度 的地方性实施机制及效果评估研宄” Problems of and Solutions to Business Ethics in the View of Anti-Unfair Competition Law YE Ming CHEN Geng-hua School of Economic Law, Southwest University of Political Science and Law; Abstract： Business ethics in anti-unfair competition law is an important standard to judge behaviors ’ legitimacy. The reasonable :identification of business ethics plays an important role in regulating new unfair competition. In judicial practice, business ethics is determined by principle of good faith, industry selfregulation and specific rules， but these ways are under criticism. From the perspective of legislative history, literal interpretation and extraterritorial practice, we find that principle of good faith can be used to define business ethics. As the industry self-regulation reflects usual practices and accepted standards of community members and is consistent with the origin and internal characterization of business ethics, so it can be applied to identify business ethics, but we should limit its applicable conditions. In face of the lack of competition rules in new industries, wc should allow judges to refine rules of business ethics, but they should conform to basic concepts of competition law, pay attention to interests of many parties, and base on necessary case groups and sufficient demonstration. Keyword： unfair competition; business ethics; uncertainty; principle of good faith; industry self-regulation practices; 一、问题的缘起 伴随着互联网信息技术的突飞猛进，新型不正当竞争的行为样态愈趋复杂多样。 在这样的背景下，频频突破反不正当竞争法的具体规制条款，兼具形式功能与 实质功能的反不正当竞争法一般条款之效用愈加凸显UL作为一般条款核心内 容的“商业道德”则成为判定涉诉行