刑事司法以审判为中心的困境解读.docVIP

刑事司法“以审判为中心”的困境解读 王桂萍刘帅 中国政法大学刑事司法学院中国政法大学法律 学院 “以审判为屮心”的改革困难在于侦查权主导着整个刑事诉讼程序。主要表现为 卷宗本位的低成本且高效率、审前羁押足以反制定罪、利益刺激导致侦奔机关的 权力把守。同时，司法理念的落后在不同的法律职业中表现出群体性差异且円趋 固化，有罪推定的惯性思维无法根除，控方的职业优越感往往使其无视司法裁 判的终局性。现奋的权力格局是推进以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革的最大体制性 障碍，如果不破除“侦捕控监” 一体的权力格局，就无法实现控辩双方的力量 均衡，庭审实质化也将举步维艰。此外，庭审之外的权力较量对能否实现以审判 为中心的改革至关重要。 关键词： 审判屮心;侦查权;司法理念;权力格局; Interpretation of the Dilemma of Trial-centered Criminal Justice System Wang Guiping Liu ShuaiSchool of Criminal Justice，China University of Political Science and Law; School of Juris Master， China University of Political Science and Law; Abstract： The difficulty of the trial-centered mode is that power of investigation dominates the criminal procedure, which demonstrates that files are of low cost and high efficiency, pre-trial detention is enough to counter conviction, and the interest stimulation leads to the criminal investigation’s power control. At the same time, the backward judicial ideas in various legal professional groups become more and more different and solidified， inertial thinking of guilty presumption cannot be eradicated, and the prosecution profession’s superiority tends to ignore the judicial referees finality. The largest institutional barriers in pushing forward the reform of trial-centered lawsuit system is the existing power structure. If we do not break power structure as 〃catch-budgeting-control-supervision， it is impossible to achieve the balance of power between the prosecuting and defending parties, and substantial change in the trial will be also difficult. Moreover, the power struggle outside the trial is critical to implement a trial-centered reform. Keyword： trial center; power of investigation; the judicial idea; power pattern; 以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革一经提出，便引来理论界和实务界的狂热围观， 专家学者和资深业务人士从理论构建、域外经验、公检法关系等诸多方面对此项 改革乃至日后形成审判中心主义的展望进行了研究。但是应当看到，理论提倡和 实践路径都要以现实根据为逻辑起点，如果不从实际出发，摸淸刑事司法流水 线上各个环节和领域的运行规律，就无法对长期以来积重难返的体制、观念、权 力格局等障碍保持清醒的认识，也就无法有针对性地破除以侦查为中心的刑事 诉讼模式的枷锁。与其考虑怎样移植和借鉴外国经验，不如冷静下来认真梳理、 发现和总结现冇刑事诉讼模式症结之所在，改造或克服固有弊端，为