物流专业英语教学幻灯片.ppt

The main planning techniques Vendor- managed inventory (VMI) Continuous replenishment (CRP) Quick response （QR） Efficient consumer response (ECR) Vendor- managed inventory (VMI). This is where the manufacturer is given the responsibility for monitoring and controlling inventory levels at the retailer’s depot and in some instances at the retail stores level as well. 供应商管理用户库存是指生产企业有责任对零售商的配送中心有时是零售商仓库的库存水平进行监督和控制。 Specific inventory targets are agreed and it is the responsibility of the manufacturer to ensure that suitable inventory is always available. 具体的库存目标是一致的，生产企业有责任确保一直持有适当的库存。 The main advantages for retailers lie in the reduction of operating costs and also the delay in payment for the products in question. VMI对零售最主要的优点在于降低运营成本，并且减少支付所订购产品费用的时间延误。 For manufacturer it is suggested that running a VMI system for a retailer provides the opportunity to develop a much closer, and hopefully more binding, relationship with the retailer as well as giving a much better visibility of real demand. 对生产企业而言，为零售商运行VMI系统，使其有机会与零售商建立更紧密、稳定的关系，同时对产品的实际需求有了更清晰的认识。 Continuous replenishment (CRP) The aim with CRP is to develop free – flowing order fulfillment and delivery systems so that pipeline inventories can be substantially reduced. CRP系统的目的是建立自由畅通的订单完成及配送系统，从而使供应链上的库存显著降低。 Such systems use up-to-the-minute point of sale information (via electronic point of sale – EPOS- systems) to identify real-time demand and to pull product through directly from the supplier, through the depot and onto the retail outlet. 该系统利用精确到分的瞬时销售时点信息（通过电子销售时点系统）来确定实施需求，从而通过配送中心直接从供应商向零售商供货。 Quick response （QR） There are strong similarities with continuous replenishment systems, but with QR the emphasis on time compression and the opportunity for the manufacturer to redesign production operations to allow for a “little and often ”approach to resupply. QR与CRP有很大的相似性，但是QR强调的是时间的节约，以及为生产商重新设计生产流程，从而实现“少批量多频率”配送的可能性。 The reorder cost refers to the cost of actually placing an order wi