[理学]弹性力学1 第四章.ppt

徐汉忠第一版2000/7 弹性力学 第四章 Chapter 4 solution of plane problems in polar coordinates  第四章 平面问题极坐标解答 Polar coordinates 极坐标 The position of a point P in polar coordinates is defined by the radial coordinate r and the angular coordinate ?. 一点P的极坐标用径向坐标r和角坐标?表示 P (r, ?) displacements:位移： ur u? strains:应变: ?r ?? rr? stresses: 应力： ?r ?? ?r? body force:体力: Kr K? 4.4 coordinate transformation of stress components应力分量的坐标变换式 Egs. (4.4.1)---(4.4.12) 4.5 Axisymmetrial stresses and corresponding displacements轴对称应力和相应的位移 Axisymmetrial stresses：轴对称应力：1.the normal stress components are independent of ? 2.the shearing stress components vanish 3.hence the stress distribution is symmetrical with respect to any plane passing through the z axis. ?r= ?r(r) ??= ?? (r) ?r?=0 ?r= ?r(r) ??= ?? (r) ?r?=0 ?r(r) ?? (r) ?r(r) ?? (r) Axisymmetrial stresses 轴对称应力 4.6 Hollow cylinder subjected to uniform pressures均布压力作用下的中空圆柱体 Stresses 应力 the condition of single-valued displacements leads to B=0 Boundary conditions 边界条件 Only internal pressure acts 只有内压 qa?0 qb=0P66(E) Eqs. (4.6.3) Fig.4.6.1.b.b?? saint-venant?s principle  4.7 pure bending of curved beams 曲梁的纯弯曲 P67(E) Fig.4.7.1 curved beams 曲梁 A curved beam with a constant narrow rectangular cross section.矩形断面曲梁 A curved beam with a circular axis.圆轴曲梁 Inner radius is a; outer radius is b;central angle is ?.内半径a,外半径b,中心角 ?. The moment of each couple per unit width of the beam at the ends is M.单位宽度的端弯矩为 M. Axisymmetrical stresses of the curved beam 曲梁的轴对称应力 Since the bending moment is constant along the beam,