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上册第一卷 第一章 公共财货理论的谬误与安防生产 第二章 税收的经济学与社会学 第三章 银行业、国民政府与国际政治：现行经济秩序的社会学重建 第四章 马克思主义与奥地利学派阶级分析 1 第一章 1Fallacies of the Public 公共财货理论的谬误 Goods Theory and the 与安防生产 Production of Security 时值1849年，古典自由主义仍然是统治性的 In 1849, at a time when classical liberalism was still the dominant 意识形态力量，“经济学家”和“社会学家”被 ideological force and “economist” and “socialist” were gencerally 一般人视为反义，一位著名比利时经济学家，古 considered antonyms, Gustave de Molinari, a renowned Belgian 斯塔夫·德·莫利纳里写道： economist, wrote, “假如政治经济学有一种确凿真理，那就 If there is one well-established truth in political economy, it is this: 是：对所有商品而言，不管它们满足消费者的需 That in all cases, of all commodities that serve to provide for the tangible 求是弹性还是非弹性，维持劳动力及贸易自由都 or intangible need of the consumer, it is in the consumer’s best interest 最符合消费者利益，因为劳动力及贸易自由注定 that labor and trade remain free, because the freedom of labor and trade 永久导致价格的最大降幅。还有：无论对哪一种 have as their necessary and permanent result the maximum reduction of 商品而言，消费者利益都将胜过生产者利益。眼 price. And this: That the interest of the consumer of any commodity 下，在贯彻这些原理时，就会得出这种极端结论：whatsoever should always prevail over the interests of the producer. 要使安防生产满足消费者利益，仍然要服从自由 Now, in pursuing these principles, one arrives at this rigorous conclusion: 竞争规律。由此推导出：任何政府无权阻止其他 That the production of security should in the interest of consumers of this 政府与之竞争，或要求安防消费者唯一向它取得 intangible commodity remain subject to the law of free 【1】 这种商品 。”