精神病——基因亦“致”亦“治〖医学精品课件〗教材幻灯片.pptVIP

Schizophrenia 精神分裂症 周晓梦 3001511046 2003年末,美国《科学》杂志评出年度十大科学成就,关于精神病产生机理的研究进展名列第二。该项成果显示,科学家们识别出一些会增加遗传性精神疾病发病风险的基因,这些基因可能会使大脑信息处理过程产生异常,刺激人患精神病。 背景 Schizophrenia What causes Schizophrenia? 致病机理假说 Symptoms Medication 总结和展望 “The most famous psychiatrist in America” E. Fuller Torrey 据统计,目前,全世界患有精神分裂症和神经两级错乱的病人约占总人口的2﹪﹪。近年来,我国精神病总患病率也呈明显上升趋势,已达13‰—47‰,有精神病患者1600多万。精神健康已成为每个人都面临的问题,同时,科学家们更加关注精神病发病机理,并且不断发现与精神病有关的基因,精神病的研究已经进入了基因阶段。 back Background Schizophrenia Schizophrenia is a disease that strikes young people in their prime . Usual age of onset is between 16 and 25 . For men, the age of onset for schizophrenia is often ages 16 to 20 . For women, the age of onset is sometimes later -- ages 20 to 30 . Schizophrenia is found all over the world It affects 1 in 100 people worldwide . John Nash - Mathematician/Nobel Prize Winner Ian Chovil back What causes Schizophrenia? Molecular Biology Genetic Predisposition Cerebral Blood Flow Stress Drug Abuse Nutritional Theories back Cellular disarray of schizophrenia 基底神经节 边缘区域 海马 The scientists, at UCLA and the National Institute of Mental Health, employed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology to scan a group of teenagers repeatedly as they developed schizophrenia This is the first study to visualize how schizophrenia develops in the brain see a spreading wave of tissue loss that began in a small region of the brain. It moved across the brain like a forest fire, destroying more tissue as the disease progressed back Genetic Predisposition 分子遗传学研究表明,先天性遗传代谢障碍可引起多种多样的精神发育不全;细胞遗传学发现,当细胞染色体在数量上或结构上发生异常时,便会引起精神障