词汇练习16.docVIP

非谓语动词与独立主格：短语，句子(或者句子，短语) 当短语部分有独立主语，并且该主语不同于句子主语，这时短语结构称为独立主格。(它最明显的特点是短语部分有独立的主语)。短语部分没有独立主语，则短语结构称为非谓语动词句子的主语决定非谓语动词中的分词是用主动还是被动形式。如果是句子的主语发出动作，则使用现在分词;如果动作不是由句子的主语发出，则使用过去分词。独立主格的结构1：名词(代词)+ 分词 [现在分词、过去分词] 独立主格的结构2：with + 名词(代词)+ 分词 [句子当中作状语]现在分词表示主动的，正在进行的行为;过去分词表示被动的，已经完成的行为。 作题时要通过判断动作与名词(代词)之间的关系来确定是使用现在分词还是过去分词。当动作由名词(代词)发出时使用现在分词，而名词(代词)是受动者时则用过去分词。Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper _ _ it closely. A followed B following C to follow D being followed 2.All things _ _, the planned trip will have to be called off. A considered B be considered C considering D having considered 3. After the Arab states won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding education, with girls as well as boys _ _ to go to school. A to be encouraged B been encouraged C being encouraged D be encouraged 4. No matter how frequently _ _, the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences. A performed B performing C to be performed D being performed 5. Theres a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _ _ trouble. [reception desk 接待台] A making B to make C to have made D having made mean 意味; mean to do sth. 打算做某事，意欲… ;mean doing 意味着，…的意思是…6. The engine _ _ smoke and steam. A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off give up 放弃; give in 屈服，让步; give off 释放，放出(烟和气体); 　　give away 泄露，走漏风声 7. The manager promised to keep me _ _ of how our business was going on. A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing keep sb. + 分词; inform v. 通知，告知; inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件事情 8. I should like to rent a house, modern, comfortable and _ _ in a quiet neighborhood. A all in all B above all C after all D over all all in all 总而言之;above all 首先，尤其是;after all 毕竟，终究;overall 全面的，总体的in a word 总之，in short 简而言之，in conclusion 最后，总之，to sum up总之，总而言之。. _ _ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work. A For now B Now that C Ever since D By now now that 既然，由于(相当于since); ever since 自从…以来。 与that搭配且后面可以加句子的几个表达形式： now that 既然，由于; in that