中国农业转基因管理Management of Bio-Safety of Agricultural GMO in China【国外优秀ppt模板精品】.pptVIP

Environment Safety I. Genetic stability Are there any differences between receptors and GMO? Will GMO turn out to be pathogenetic organism? Recombination of virus and allogenic package Environment Safety II. Survival Competitiveness 1. Weediness（reproductivity, spreading, dormancy, shattering and growth vigour） 2. Invasion 3. Possibility of evolving into pests to agriculture Environment Safety III. Gene loss 1. Gene loss law :ratio of exogamy, distance of pollen dissemination and other major affecters (weather conditions like wind velocity and direction, geographic conditions, biologic conditions). 2. Biological risks of gene loss: possibilities of transferring of interspecies, including transferring to cultivar, wild kindred species and microorganism. Environment Safety IV. Effects on target organism Is there any specificity for target organism? Effects on beneficial organism and pests in the environment Environment Safety V. Effects on non-target organism and biodiversity Effects on the population structures of plants and microorganism (pathogenetic microorganism and beneficial microorganism) Effects on animals and the dynamics of species community Considerations should be also given to problems of alien invasive species Food Use Safety Nutritious elements Anti-nutritious factors Toxicity Allergy Marker gene and antibiotics’ resistance Non-expected effects Methodology of Safety Evaluation Grading and Classifying -- Grading criteria -- Grading steps Grading Criteria There are four grades of safety according to dangers to human, plants, animals, microorganism and eco-environment: Grade I: No danger Grade II: Low danger Grade III: Moderate danger Grade IV: High danger Steps for Identifying Safety Grades Identify safety grade of receptors Identify types of effects of gene manipulation on biosafety Identify safety grade of GMO Identify safety grade of GM products Qualifications for Application for  Safety Evaluation