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Richards方程在描述包膜控释肥料氮素释放特征中的运用 喻建刚樊小林李宁华南农业大学资学院肥料与平衡施肥研究室广州 510642 摘要： 关键词：方程；包膜复合肥料（控释肥料）；氮素释放；释放曲线特征 Characteristics from Controlled Release Fertilizer (CRF) YU Jian-gang, FAN Xiao-lin, LI Ning, LIU Fang ( Research Laboratory of Fertilizer Science and Balanced Fertilization , College of Nature Resource and Environment Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642 ) Abstract：Objective and Method】In order to select a suitable equation to describe nitrogen release and a mathematic model to predict nutrient release from CRF, the Richards, Bertalanffy and Logistic equations were applied to model nitrogen release from coated NPK fertilizers as controlled release fertilizer in static water under a constant temperature of (25±0.5)℃.【Result】The result showed that the Richards equation was applied to describe the precise nitrogen release curve of a different type. The Richards equation was superior to Bertalanffy and Logistic. Among the three equations, the characteristics of the Richards equation expressed the nitrogen release property, the time to the point at which the maximum amount released per unit time and the shape of the release curve of the coated NPK fertilizer.【Conclusion】 In summary, the Richards equation fits models of three types of nutrient release curves, including the sigmoid pattern, parabolic pattern and double parabolic pattern. In using both parameters d and ti in Richards equation, one can easily judge model of nutrients release curve. Increasing coating thickness could decrease nitrogen release rate from CRF at early period of incubation and delay the time for maximum release of nutrient from CRF. Key words: Richards equation; Coated NPK fertilizer（CRF）; Nitrogen release; Characteristics of release curve 0 引言 【本研究的重要意义】目前，在控释肥研究领域，如何实现控释肥料的养分释放特征更加吻合作物的营养需求倍受重视[1~2]。至今已有研究者用多种数学模型描述控释肥料的养分释放特征[3~6]，但尚无统一的函数模型描述不同的养分释放曲线[7~11]。【前人研究进展】大量的研究表明Richards方程适合模拟不同类型的生长曲线[12~19]，并适于模拟包膜肥料的S型养分累积释放曲线[3,4,10,11]。【本研究切入点】然而，Richards方程能否较好地