example举例-中国生态农业信息管理数据库.pptVIP

Exposure characterization暴露描述 Jeff Wolt 杰夫.沃而特 Biosafety Institute for Genetically Modified Agricultural Products (BIGMAP) 基因改良农作物安全研究所 Iowa State University 美国衣阿华州立大学 Sep 2006 2006年九月 Terms术语 Exposure: occurrence within the environment Exposure characterization: consideration of the route, frequency, duration, and magnitude of occurrence with reference to what can be reasonably anticipated under the conditions of use Expression: transgenic protein concentrations in crop tissue 暴露：在环境中发生 暴露描述： 关于在使用的条件下哪些可以被合理地预测，考虑发生的途径，频率，持续时间和大小 表达：转基因蛋白在农作物组织中的浓度 Terms High End Exposure Estimate (HEEE): measured or estimated 90th percentile of possible exposure concentrations (usually used to describe levels of expression in the GE plant) Estimated Environmental Concentration (EEC): estimated concentration within the ecosystem (usually used to describe concentrations in soil or water) 高端暴露估计：测量或估计90%的可能暴露浓度（经常用来描述在转基因植物中表达的级别） 估计的环境浓度： 生态系统内的估计浓度（经常用来描述土地或水中的浓度） Uses of exposure estimates暴露估计的使用 In problem formulation – establish scope of concern: use a general understanding of route, frequency, duration, and magnitude of occurrence to help identify ecological entities of concern (species, taxa, communities, environmental components) … that may be at risk 在问题的建立中 – 设定考虑的范围: 使用对发生的途径，频率，持续时间和程度的基本理解来帮助识别被关注的可能存在风险的生态实体（种类，分类，群体，环境组成）… Uses of exposure estimates暴露估计的使用 In effects testing design – determine relevant dosing regime: seek 10X the reasonable anticipated dose in tier 1 tests establish relevant food source, dose and means of exposure in higher tiers tests In exposure characterization – establish environmentally relevant concentrations to which entities of concern are exposed 在效果测试的设计中- 确定相关的剂量制度： 在第一级的测试中，寻找十倍于合理预测的剂量 在高级别的测试中，确定相关的食物来源，剂量和暴露的方式 在暴露描述中- 确定影响被关注实体的和环境相关的浓度 Identification of exposure potential to non-target organisms 对非目标生物体的潜在暴露识别 Consider the weight of evidence from: extent of intended release relevant agricultural practices chara