X射线光学与成像03.pptVIP

X射线光学与成像 郭金川3讲 X射线源 （X-ray sources） 小型光源：基于普通实验室使用的X射线源 大型光源：同步辐射光源 小型光源：根据X射线产生机理，分为两种： 1）基于电子束与物质的相互作用，X射线管 2）基于光与物质的相互作用 激光等离子体源、逆康普顿散射源 X射线管- Sealed X-ray Tubes 出射角 fig1(a) A schematic drawing of a sealed X-ray tube. The windows are made of thin berylium foil that has a low X-ray absorption. fig1(b) Cross section of an X-ray tube: (Courtesy of Philips, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.) 消气剂 In a sealed X-ray tube a cathode emits electrons (Figure 1). Because the tube is under vacuum and the cathode is at a high negative potential with respect to the metal anode, the electr