专英3考试练习3-4单元.docVIP

专业英语第三单元 Online transaction processing (OLTP)(联机事务处理): is the gathering of input information, processing that information , and updating existing information to reflect the gathered and processed information Operational databases(业务数据): databases that support OLTP are more often referred to as operational databases Online analytical processing(OLAP) (联机分析处理): is the manipulation of information to support decision making. Database(数据库): a collection of information that you organize and access according to the logical structure of that information Relational database(关系数据库): use a series of logically related two dimensional tables or files to store information in the form of a database Relational: often describe each two-dimensional table of file in the relational model Data dictionary: contains the logical structure for the information in a database Primary key: a field (or group of fields in some cases) that uniquely describes each record Foreign key: a primary key of one file that appears in another file Integrity constraints: rules that help ensure the quality of the information DBMS: database management system(数据管理系统) Contains: DBMS engine(DBMS引擎)：accepts logical requests from the various other DBMS subsystems, converts them into their physical equivalent, and actually accesses the data and data dictionary as they exist on a storage device physical view(物理视图)：deals with how information is physically arranged ,stored, and accessed on some type of storage device logical view(逻辑视图)：focus on how you as a knowledge worker need to arrange and access information to meet your particular business needs data definition subsystem(数据管理子系统)：a DBMS helps you create and maintain the data dictionary and define the structure of files in a database data manipulation subsystem(数据操作子系统)：help you add, change , and delete information in a database and query it for valuable information view(视图)：allow you to see the contents of a database file , make what