从句(语法复习一).pptVIP

复合句 要点归纳 名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses） 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 1.主语从句 主语从句在复合句中作主句的主语. Who will go is not important. 引导主语从句的词有连词that, whether; 在从句中不担任成分 连接代词who, what, which; 复合代词whoever, whatever, whichever在从句中担任主、宾语 连接副词when, where, why, how；复合副词whenever, wherever, however在从句中担任状语 注意点： 1.用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。 e.g. It doesn’t matter so much whether you will come or not. (1)常见句式： ①It is ＋ 名词 ＋ 从句 It is a fact/ an honor that … 事实是…/ …非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that …是常识 ② It is ＋ 形容词 ＋ 从句 It is natural / strange that… 很自然…/奇怪的是… ③It ＋ 不及物动词 ＋ 从句 It seems/ appears that…似乎It happened that 碰巧… It matters /doesn’t matter that… 有/无关… ④It ＋ 过去分词 ＋ 从句 It is reported that… 据报道… It is said that…据说… It has been proved that…已证实… (2). 在疑问句和感叹句中，必须用作形式主语，而把真正的主语（主从）放在后面 Is it true that he will be punished seriously by the headmaster? How strange it is that the kids are so quiet! 2.that引导主语从句时，不能省略。 e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised. 2.宾语从句:宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。 引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样． １）作主句谓语动词的宾语．例： Tell me what you said. 动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句。例 She told me that she would accept my invitation. ２）作介词的宾语．例： Did he say anything about how the work was to be done? 注意：that从句一般不作介词（except除外）的宾语．例： This suit fits me well except that the trousers are too long. ３）用在某些形容词后边．例： I’m surprised( that )he didn’t come. 注意点： 1.it 可以作为形式宾语 it 可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。 例如： We heard it that she would get married next month. 句式: 主语＋谓语＋it＋adj./n. ＋宾语从句 She made it a rule that she got up early every morning. She made it clear that it was not her fault. 2.否定的转移 若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。例如： I don’t think this dress fits you well. 我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。 3.that的省略， 出现多个宾语从句时，只有第一个that可以省略 She said (that) her child was ill and that her husband was on a business trip. 4. 介词之后的宾语从句，不可用which或if连接