高考必考语法精讲精练专题十三：虚拟语气与情态动词含解析.docVIP

高考必考语法精讲精练 虚拟语气 三大板块 含有条件状语从句的复合句 名词性从句 宾语从句 S.+wish（would rather）+宾语从句 S.+suggest（demand …）+宾语从句 主语从句 It is + adj./p.p/n.+ that+ S+ (should) +do 表语从句 S.+ is that +s. + (should) +do 同位语从句 S.+that +s. +(should) +do 定语从句 It is high/about time that +s.+ should do sth.(did sth) 两种形式 1.时态后退型 用一般过去表示现在 用过去完成表示过去 用过去将来表示将来 2.should+动词原形型 语法专题十三：虚拟语气与情态动词 情态动词和虚拟语气是高考重要考点，《2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》附录语法项目表中列出了虚拟语气以及情态动词。 2015年高考全国卷Ⅰ第79题（短文改错）考查了情态动词must后面接动词原形。 2016年高考全国卷Ⅰ没有考查情态动词与虚拟语气。 2017年高考全国卷Ⅰ没有考查情态动词与虚拟语气。 知 识 框 架  一. 含有条件状语从句的复合句(以do为例;S=主语) 时间 条件状语从句 主 句 现在 If +S+did (were) S+would/should/could/might +do 过去 If +S+had done S+would/should/could/might + have done 将来 did(were) If+S should do were to do S+would/should/could/might +do 例如: ①If I were you, I would apply for the job. ②If I had the money, I would buy it. ③If I were given another chance，I would do it better.④If I had taken your advice, I would have made great progress. ⑤If it had not been for your help, I wouldn’t have finished the work so easily. ⑥If it should rain tomorrow,I would stay at home all day. ⑦If you were to come tomorrow,I could wait for you at home. 注意：在书面语中，条件从句可以不用连词if，而将谓语中的were，had或 should 等移至主语之前构成倒装句。例如： ①Were I you, I would apply for the job. ②Had I taken your advice, I would have made great progress.③Should it rain tomorrow,I would stay at home all day. 二、错综时间的条件句 虚拟条件句中的主句和从句涉及的动作发生的时间不一致，这时主句和从句的谓语形式应按照各自动作发生的实际时间来表达。例如： ①If you hadnt watched TV yesterday, you wouldnt be so sleepy now. （从句yesterday说明过去，主句now说明现在） ②If they had left home early this morning, they would arrive in half an hour. （从句说明过去，主句说明将来。） ③If you hesitated this moment, you might suffer in the future. （从句说明现在，主句说明将来） 三、含蓄条件句 非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来，只暗含在上下文中，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。含蓄条件句有三种情况： 1．条件暗含在单词短语中：常见介词有with假如有, without假如没有, but for要不是因为； 连词有or/ otherwise（前句用陈述语气，后句用虚拟）；but（前句为虚拟，后句陈述）例如： ①He would not get such a result without your help. (条件暗含在介词短语without you