第九名词性从句.ppt

* * 第十五章 名词性从句 一 主语从句 一、什么是主语从句 1、由连词that（无词义，不担任成分），whether（有词义 “是否”，不担任成分，不能用if来代替）引导的主语从句 不能省略。 That he will come is certain. That the earth is round is true. Whether she will come tomorrow is unknown. 2、由连接代词what[“、、、所、、、的（东西）”，作宾语] whatever(任何事物,每样事物,作宾语,who(谁,作主语), whoever(无论谁,作主语),which[哪一个(一件),作宾语], whichever(无论哪个或哪些,作宾语)引导的主语从句。 二、由三类词引导： What I want to know is this. What he said at the meeting is important. Whatever I have is yours. Who took the book is unknown. Whoever comes is welcome Whatever she says goes. Whoever wants to go may sign up here. Which book I’ll buy hasn’t been decided. Whichever you want is yours. Whichever of you comes in first will receiver a prize. 3、由连接副词how, when, where, why引导的,作状语 How this happened is not clear to anyone. When they will come is not clear. Where he will go is unknown. Why he did it is unknown. 三、绝大部分主语从句都借助先行主语放到句子后面去，带 先行主语的句子主要有下面几类： 1、it’s +adj. + that从句 It’s natural that they should have different views. It’s strange that he knows nothing about it. 2、it’s+ n.+ that从句 It’s a pity that he can’t swim. It’s a wonder that he is still alive. 3、it +不及物v. + that从句 It happened that she wasn’t in that day. It never occurred to me that she was lying. 4、it’s +过去分词+that从句 It’s said that there has been an earthquake in India. It’s reported that the enemies have crossed the border. 区别：强调句型 It is (was)+强调部分+who (that) +其它成分 Miss Wang helped me with my lessons yesterday. It was Miss Wang who helped、、、 It was yesterday that Miss Wang helped me、、、 lessons. (二) 表语从句 什么是表语从句？ 它有三类： 1、由连词that(不担任成分,没词义,不能省略),whether, as if。 My idea is that we must do at once. The question is whether it is worth doing. It looks as if it is going to rain. 2、由连接代词who, what, which引导 What I want to know is who has broken the glass. That is what I said. The question is which road you want to go. 3、由连接副词when， where，how， why等都是作状语 The question is when we’ll start off. That is where I want to go to