SectionF-课件.ppt

DNA damage, repair recombination F3 DNA repair Photoreactivation (光活化作用) Alkyltransferase (烷基转移酶) Exision repair (切割修复) Mismatch repair (错配修复) Hereditary repair defects (遗传修复缺陷) DNA damage, repair recombination F3-1: Photoreactivation Monomerization of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers by DNA photolyases in the presence of visible light Direct reversal of a lesion and is error-free DNA damage, repair recombination F3-2: Alkyltransferase Direct reversal of a lesion and is error-free Removes the alkyl group from mutagenic O6-alkylguanine which can base-pair with T. The alkyl group is transferred to the protein itself and inactivate it. The response is adaptive because it is induced in E. coli by low levels of alkylating agents and gives increased protection against the lethal and mutagenic effects of the high doses DNA repair DNA damage, repair recombination F3-3: Excision repair Includes nucleotide excision repair (NER) and base excision repair (BER). Is a ubiquitous mechanism repairing a variety of lesions. Error-free repair Nucleotide excision repair DNA repair An endonuclease cleaves DNA a precise number of bases on both sides of the lesions (UvrABC endonulcease removes pyrimidine dimers) Excised lesion-DNA fragment is removed The gap is filled by DNA polymerase I and sealed by ligase Base excision repair DNA glycolases cleaves apurinic or pyrimidine site DNA polymerase DNA ligase DNA repair cleaves N-glycosylic bond AP endonuclease 3’?5’ cleavage and 5’?3’ synthesis DNA damage, repair recombination F3-3: Mismatch repair A specialized form of excision repair which deals with any base mispairs produced during replication and which have escaped proofreading error-free Immediate methylation of the A in GATC of the parental strand but not of the daughter strand right after replication MutH/MutS recognize the mismatched base pair and the nearby GATC DNA helicase II, SSB, exonuclease I remove the DNA fragment including the mismatch DNA polymerase I