电磁场与电磁波第四课教材教学课件.ppt

Consider a conducting medium in which the charges are moving with an average velocity under the influence of an electric field E. If the volume charge density is the electric field force exerted on the charge within is If in time the charges will move a distance such that the work done by the electric field force is The power supplied by the electric field is Definition: Power density p is the power per unit volume. Point (or differential) form of Joule’s law. For a linear conductor, the power density is Thus, the power dissipation with a volume V is  (W/m3) (W) W —焦耳定律积分形式 Example 4.5.1 The medium between the conductors of a coaxial cable has conductivity The radii of the inner and outer conductors of the cable are a and b, respectively. If the potential difference between the conductors is U. Determine the power dissipation per unit length of the coaxial cable. Solution Assume that the current per unit length from inner conductor to outer conductor is I. The magnitude of current density at which the radius is The electric field is The potential difference is Thus, the current density is The power dissipation per unit length of the coaxial cable is where the resistance per unit length is  4.6 Analogy Between D and J Table The relationship of the two fields Equation Steady electric currents (outside electric source) Electrostatics (in a charge-free region) Field equations Constitutive relationship Laplace’s equation Boundary conditions analogy method比拟方法 静电场 恒定电场（电源外） 恒定电场 E 静电场 E D 在均匀媒质情况下，当两种场的边界条件（边界形状及边界赋值）完全相同时，它们的 场与 场是完全相同的，而 场与 场则是彼此相似的，这是从唯一性定理所得到的结论。 运用它们彼此间的相似关系，将一种场的求解方法过渡到另一种场中来，这种方法称之为场的比拟法。 The capacitance C is The conductance G is G and C are an