动名词与分词的用法.pptVIP

动名词的定义 V-ing形式的构成方式： 4.作定语 动名词作定语，侧重于“用途”。例如： swimming pool 游泳池 reading material 阅读材料 walking stick 手杖 opening speech 开幕词 listening aid 助听器 waiting room 候车室 分词的主要用法 分词分为现在分词和过去分词。现在分词与过去分词的区别在于：现在分词表示主动的、正在进行的动作，而及物动词的过去分词表示已经完成且被动的动作，不及物动词的过去分词只表示完成的意义。 The Present Participles (-ing) --- 主动和进行 The Past Participles (-ed) vt. --- 被动并完成 vi. ------ 完成 Kinds of the Participles The Present Participles (-ing) ------ 主动和进行 The Past Participles (-ed) vt. ------ 被动并完成 vi. ------ 完成 boiling water ------ boiled water developing country ---- developed country changing society -------- changed society rising sun ---------------- risen sun boring --------------- bored puzzling ----------------- puzzled Functions of the Participles 作表语 作定语 作复合宾语 作状语 1. 作表语 The news is surprising. We are surprised at the news. I am very interested in the interesting story. We are all tired of such a tiring question. 现在分词------表示事物的性质或特征 过去分词-------表示主语所处的状态 interest, excite, surprise, please, disappoint, satisfy, tire, encourage, …etc. 2. 作定语 He rushed into the burning house. The building being built there is the school library. The computers ever produced are of good quality. This is one of the buildings built in the 1960s. There are several fallen leaves on the ground. The police are hunting for the escaped prisoner. 现在分词 ------ 主动和进行 过去分词 vt. ------ 被动并完成 ------- 被动及过去 vi. ------ 完成 现在分词被动语态 -----正在进行的被动动作 现在分词的被动式being done与过去分词作定语的区别 现在分词的被动式being done-------正在进行的被动动作 过去分词 done ---------强调已经完成的动作或持续的被动状态 The problem being discussed now is very important. 正在讨论的问题 The problem discussed yesterday was very important. 昨天讨论过的问题 分词作定语的位置 单个分词------被修饰名词之前，前置定语 spoken English, written homework, exciting news 分词短语-------被修饰名词之后，后置定语 the language spoken in this country the boy standing there The students