ANATOMY LOWER 下肢影像解剖学PPT.pptVIP

* Mineral density is compared to young normal patients to assess for osteoporosis The angle of inclination is between the long axis of the femoral neck and the femoral shaft and it varies with age, sex, and development of the femor. The angle of inclination in a three year old child is 45 in an adult it is 126 and in an elderly individual the angle of inclination is 120. The angle is less in females because of the increased width between the acetabula and the greater obliquity of the shaft. The angle of inclination allows greater mobility of the femur at the hip joint because it places the head and neck more perpendicular to the acetabulum in the neutral postion. When the angle is decreased the condition is known as coxa vara (angle is less than 120) and when it is increased it is known as coxa valga (usually greater than 135). Coxa vara causes a mild shortening of the lower limb and limits passive abduction of the hip. * RF= Rectus Femoris VI= Vastus intermedius VL= Vastus Lateralis VM= Vastus Medialis FA= Femoral Artery FV= Femoral Vein S= Sartorius G= Gracilis SM= Semimembranosus ST= Semitendinosus GSV= Greater Saphenous Vein BFS= Biceps femoris short head BFL= Biceps femoris long head AM= Adductor Magnus SN= Siatic Nerve * * * * * * * Abdominal aorta branches into the two common iliac arteries. The iliac artery gives an external and internal illiac arteries. The femoral artery is a continuation of the external illiac artery distal to the inguinal ligament. * * Calcification outlines Superficial Femoral artery The common femoral artery gives the superficial femoral artery branch and the profunda femoral artery or deep artery of the thigh branch. The lateral femoral circumflex artery comes off the deep artery of the thigh or it may arise from the femoral artery. * * What is it called when you remove the bones from the picture? * The popliteal artery is a continuation of the femoral artery. The popliteal artery becomes the popliteal artery at the adductor hiatus