2014年高考英语一轮复习：英语简单句、并列句和复合句的相关专项练习.doc

2014年高考英语一轮复习： 英语简单句、并列句和复合句的相关专项练习 [L]（一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。[/L][L][/L][L]（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在therebe结构、疑问句和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如：[/L][L] During the 1990s, American countrymusic has become more and more popular.（名词）[/L][L] We often speakEnglish in class.（代词）[/L][L] One-third of thestudents in this class are girls.（数词）[/L][L] To swim in the riveris a great pleasure.（不定式）[/L][L] Smoking does harm tothe health.（动名词）[/L][L] The rich should helpthe poor.（名词化的形容词）[/L][L] When we are going to have anEnglish test has not been decided.（主语从句）[/L][L] It is necessary tomaster a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）[/L][L][/L][L]（三）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下：[/L][L] 1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：He practicesrunning every morning.[/L][L] 2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：You maykeep the book for two weeks. He has caught abad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。如：We arestudents.[/L][L][/L][L]（四）表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be,become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。例如：[/L][L] Our teacher of English is an American.（名词）[/L][L] Is it yours?（代词）[/L][L] The weather has turned cold.（形容词）[/L][L] The speech is exciting.（分词）[/L][L] Three times seven is twenty one?（数词）[/L][L] His job is to teach English.（不定式）[/L][L] His hobby（爱好）is playing football.（动名词）[/L][L] The machine must be outof order.（介词短语）[/L][L] Time is up. Theclass is over.（副词）[/L][L] The truth is that he has neverbeen abroad.（表语从句）[/L][L][/L][L]（五）宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如：[/L][L] They went to see an exhibition（展览）yesterday.（名词）[/L][L] The heavy rain prevented mefrom coming to school on time.（代词）[/L][L] How many dictionaries do you have? I havefive.（数词）[/L][L] They helped the oldwith their housework