《数字图像处理 Digital Image Processing》课件 Spatial Domain Enhancement.ppt

Illustration of isotropic filters and its counterpart Enhancement using logic/arithmetic operations Lecture 6: Chapter 3 Spatial Domain Enhancement Three logic operations, two types of format: 1. Element-wise operator: (suitable for logical variable) Logic operations and their Matlab expression AND, A B = 01001 and(A,B) OR, A | B = 11101 or(A,B) NOT. ~A = 10010 not(A) A = [0 1 1 0 1]; B = [1 1 0 0 1]; Logical expression Equivalent function Lecture 6: Chapter 3 Spatial Domain Enhancement 2. Bit-Wise Functions: suitable for any non-negative integers The second format A = 28; % binary 11100 B = 21; % binary 10101 bitand(A,B) = 20 (binary 10100) bitor(A,B) = 29 (binary 11101) bitcmp(A,5) = 3 (binary 00011) AND OR NOT Lecture 6: Chapter 3 Spatial Domain Enhancement AND, OR are used for masking, ie. for selecting subimages in an image. In this case we need to use bit-wise functions—bitand, bitor. NOT logic performs the same function as the negative transformation. In this case we also need to use bit-wise functions— bitcmp Applicability Matlab demo: bitlogic.m Lecture 6: Chapter 3 Spatial Domain Enhancement Arithmetic operations A constant can be added to, subtracted from, multiplied to or even divided by the original image, resulting in changes in appearance. Arithmetic operations also can be carried out between two or more different images. Lecture 6: Chapter 3 Spatial Domain Enhancement Some effects of arithmetic operation Adding a constant will lighten the image and subtracting a constant will darken it. At the same time, some information are lost. Multiply a number greater than 1 will lighten the image, and less than 1 will darken it. Use following matlab functions to do above operation: imadd, imsubtract, immultiply, imdivide. Lecture 6: Chapter 3 Spatial Domain Enhancement Image subtraction example Lecture 6: Chapter 3 Spatial Domain Enhancement Compute the difference between all pairs of corresponding pixels from two im